Cornwall
Contents
Nearby Places
St Austell
The parish of St. Austell is in the Deanery and Eastern Division of the
Powder Hundred. It was originally bounded on the north by the parishes of
Roche and Luxulyan, on the east by St. Blazey and Par in Tywardreath, in the
south by the English Channel and Mevagissey, and in the west by the parishes of
St. Ewe, St. Mewan, and St. Stephen-in-Brannel. Named after its patron Saint,
the Parish is in Restormel District; the the 19th century, it was commonly
spelled St Austle; Originally, it encompassed 11,450 acres of land. In
1847, the parish of Charlestown was
created from the eastern section, and Treverbyn was created from the northern half
in 1850, leaving St. Austell a parish of 1,339 acres. The town of St. Austell was not mentioned
in the Domesday Book of 1086.
The parish is a centre for extremely high-grade china clay extraction since the
1780's. It has been mined for tin and copper even longer; Carclaze mine has
been worked continuously for 400 years, first for tin and copper, now for china
clay. Tin and copper mining were extremely productive in the early 1800's.
After the collapse of copper in 1866, china clay became the primary mineral
mined in the parish. It is still being mined today, and is being shipped all
over the world.
There are villages scattered across the parish, from Pentewan in the far south
to Bugle in the north. About half-way is the town of St. Austell, which is
situated in a well-cultivated district on the south side of a hill. The land
falls gradually to the River Vinnick. Whilst the town was not mentioned in the
Domesday Book of 1086, records exist from the 1100s and it has been a market
town for centuries. It has also acted as a coinage town (briefly) and as the
head of the county court district. Since the railways came in the 1859
numerous villas have been built. Located within the town is the widely-known
St. Austell Brewery. It is a centre for higher education, and includes
Cornwall's first college devoted to languages. The St. Austell Union
workhouse
was at one time located within the town.
The parish has numerous
historical sites, as well as recreational areas and interesting museums such as
the Wheal
Martyn Mining Museum, which is an authentic and complete 1800s clay mine.
Famous inhabitants include A. L. Rowse, the historian, Bishop Colenso of South
Africa, Loveday Hamblyn 'the Cornish saint', an adherent of George Fox,
and
Samuel Drew, a miner at 9 who grew into a Methodist preacher and noted
theologian.
The town of St Austell is situated in a well-cultivated
district on the south side of a hill, which falls gradually to the River
Vinnick. Since the coming of the railways, numerous villas had been built. The
Workhouse for the St Austell Union was located within the town. St
Austell town is still in the civil and ecclesiastical parish of St Austell,
whilst the rural area is now a separate civil parish.
A number of articles have been written by people who love Cornwall, and whose families have lived there for centuries. Other have family ties, but have only been able to visit. They all have developed an expertise over the years, and are willing to share their perceptions. These are available on-line.
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- The St Austell church graveyard was mostly full by 1882, so burials after this date
were only allowed in those graves that had space. Everyone else went into the
council (municipal) cemetery; those records are now held by the Cornwall County Council.
- Some photographs of gravestones in the municipal cemetery at Watering Hill are available on-line as follows:
- Cornwall County Council also hold the cemetery records for Campdown, Charlestown.
- For burial information in St Austell, see under Church Records.
The Council are able to do a manual search for a burial, and they are able to
make a cross-reference to the grave records and tell you whom else is in that
grave.
- The Cornwall Family History
Society have published on-line Monumental Inscriptions for:
- High Cross Cemetery - 405 entries
- Baptist Chapel - 10 entries
- Bethel Chapel - 10 entries
- Leekseed Chapel - 257 entries.
- War Memorial. Information about the war memorial has been provided. Details from the War Memorial in St Austell are available on-line.
- Jessie Evans has transcribed the Monumental Inscriptions of St Austell (Holy Trinity) Cemetery; these are available on-line.
- Julia Mosman has transcribed Pentewan Church Memorial Inscriptions.
- The monumental inscriptions of the Wesleyans in St Austell are also available on-line.
- St Levan's Church at Porthpean has a small private graveyard in which there are granite memorials to the Sawle family; the details are on-line.
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Census information for this parish (1841 - 1901) is held in the
Cornwall Record Office. The Cornwall Family
History Society offers a census search service for its members. The Cornwall Family History Society have also published on-line census detail by surname on the FamilyHistoryonLine site.
Specific census information for this parish is available as follows:
- 1841.
- The 1841 Census of St Austell, (HO107/146), is available on-line from the Cornwall Online Census project as follows:
- The 1841 Census of St Austell Workhouse is separately on-line courtesy of the OPC.
- 1851.
- The 1851 Census of St Austell, (HO107/1907), is available on-line from the Cornwall Online Census project as follows:
- The 1851 Census of St. Austell Workhouse is available on-line, courtesy of the OPC.
- 1861. The 1861 Census of St Austell is available on-line from the Cornwall Online Census project as follows:
- 1871.
- The 1871 Census of St Austell is available on-line from the Cornwall Online Census
project as follows:
- The 1871 Census of St. Austell Workhouse is available on-line, courtesy of the OPC.
- 1881.
- The 1881 Census of St Austell is available on-line from the Cornwall Online Census project as follows:
- The 1881 Census of St. Austell Workhouse is also available on-line, courtesy of the OPC.
- 1891.
- The 1891 Census of St Austell is available on-line from the Cornwall Online Census project as follows:
- The 1891 Census of St. Austell Workhouse is available on-line, courtesy of the OPC.
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- Anglican. There are three main Anglican churches in St Austell parish:
- The parish church is situated in St. Austell town; it is now dedicated to The Holy Trinity. It is located in OS Grid Square SW8532 and was originally dedicated to St. Austolus
in 1262 by Bishop Bronescombe near the feast day of the Celtic saint.
The church was originally built in 1169, according to A. L. Rowse in his book St.
Austell: Church, Town and Parish in 1960. The first church was given to the Prior
and Convent of Tywardreath by Robert Fitzwilliam. The early church building of
Bishop Bronescombe still exists today in the chancel; the round pier and low-pointed
arches of the south arcade are 13th century, and the stone came from Catacluse
quarry near Padstow.
The chantry chapel of St. Michael was built in about 1300 by
Philip, Archdeacon of Westminster, who originated in St. Austell. Whilst the parish church is late-Norman in origin, the oldest surviving part is the chapel south of the chancel with access from the south aisle. Beneath the stone flags of the chapel is the family vault of the Sawles of Penrice, and around its walls are numerous memorial inscriptions relating to the family. Archdeacon Phillip also
provided money for the support of the chantry, which allowed the chantry
priests to teach children, since they had an independent subsistence.
Remaining within the church are dead walls which possibly once supported a
small tower or steeple.
The tower, a masterpiece of sculpture, was built in the 1400's. It is divided
into 3 sections, to represent the Trinity, and is "a Bible in stone" as
depicted in the various sculptural groupings. The church and tower were built
of ashlar work Pentewan stone. Shortly thereafter, history overwhelmed the
building efforts with the rebellions of 1497, and building ceased. The church
was joined to the earlier chancel and chantry which had been built on a
slightly different axis. The nave and aisles were remodelled in the late
1500's. The church was remodelled again in Victorian times.
- All Saints Church in Pentewan. All Saints Church was built by Sir Charles Hawkins in 1821, when he also built the Terrace. The south wall of the church is possibly Norman. Some authentically Tudor and Jacobean windows which came from ruins of Polrudden manor were utilized.
- St Levan's Church in Porthpean. The small Church of St. Levan was built in 1885 by the Sawle family as part of the Penrice estate, but after the death of Mrs Cobbold Sawle, the last in the line, the building was given by the Trustees to St Austell Parish in 1981. The Church and Sunday School Room are the only community buildings in the village of Porthpean, and so provide a valuable resource for the population. The church of St Levan, Porthpean, became part of the Truro diocese in 1973.
- The Charlestown Ecclesiastical District was formed from St Austell parish in 1846.
- Roman Catholics. There is a record of the Bishop of St. Pol de Leon, Brittany, finding shelter in a Catholic house in St. Austell in May 1802. He had escaped from the French Revolution, and spent 72 hours in an open boat before drifting into Penzance harbour!
Catholic directories from 1857 mention Mass being said here at intervals by clergy travelling from Bodmin or Plymouth, Sclerder or Lanherne, Liskeard, Camborne or Par. The history of the Parish possibly dates from 1911 when a Sunday Mass centre was inaugurated in East Hill, St. Austell, above a painter and decorator's workshop. In 1918 the Prior of Bodmin asked the Catholic Missionary Society to come to Cornwall. Their visit prompted the establishment of a permanent Chapel in St. Austell. The Dowager Lady Bute donated one hundred pounds for the cost of the site in Ranelagh Road. Twenty four years later, on 25th March, 1987, a large site was purchased on the St. Austell By-Pass. This was due to the help of a non-catholic, Mrs Cobbold Sawle, the generosity of Mr. Julian Leacock of Wadhurst and Porthpean, the sale of the Ranelagh Road property and the fruit of years of hard saving. The Church was built that year and solemnly opened by Bishop Barrett on 8th September. The Parish of St. Augustine had its first resident priest, in fact, its first parish priest (from Bodmin) on 80th October 1960. Thirty years later, 6th May 1990, saw the dedication of a new Church of St. Augustine of Hippo on the same hallowed spot in Woodland Road. The ceremony was blessed with the presence of the Rt. Rev. Christopher Budd, Bishop of Plymouth, and His Excellency Archbishop Luigi Barbarito, Apostolic Pro Nuncio to Great Britain who brought a letter from His Holiness Pope John Paul II for the occasion.
- Non-Conformists. There was a Wesleyan Methodist chapel in the
town. The principal front is built of ashlar-work, of Pentewan stone, surmounted with a pediment of Portland stone, of which the handsome portico is also constructed. There is a tasteful entrance through well-kept shrubbery.
There were also places of worship in the parish in 1873, (some of which remain today), for: Congregational, Baptist, Wesleyan, Methodist, Primitive Methodist, United
Methodist, Bible Christian, and the Society of Friends (Quakers).
- General:
- LDS Church Records.
- The Cornwall Record Office holdings: Baptisms 1564 - 1946, Burials 1564 - 1972,
Marriages 1564 - 1941, Boyd's Marriage Index 1600 - 1672, BTs 1611 - 1672, Non-Conformist records 1789 - 1837.
- The Cornwall Family History
Society have published on-line transcripts of:
- 1813-37 Marriages
- 1813-37 Burials
- Births/Baptisms:
- Anglican Church Baptisms:
- Baptisms 1752 to 1842 are available on-line through the OPC search Facility - (C-PROP).
-
Birth and Christening information from Church of England (Anglican) churches in the parish (mainly from Baptismal Registers) is available on-line.
- The OPC has made the following Holy Trinity, St Austell (Parish Church), baptisms available on-line:
- The Parish Chest have published, on CD, baptisms 1696 to 1841 for the parish of St Austell.
- The Cornish Forefathers Society have published, on CD, baptisms 1696 to 1812 for the parish of St Austell.
- Non-Conformist Baptisms:
- The Independent Christening Register, District of St. Austell, is also available on-line, courtesy of the OPC.
- St Austell and Camelford Methodist baptisms 1800 to 1837, St Austell Primitive Methodist baptisms 1832 to 1911, St Austell Wesleyan Methodist baptisms 1846 to 1911, St Austell non-conformist baptisms at Tregurthy 1839 to 1874, and Greensplat 1887 to 1911, and Mount Charles Wesleyan-Methodist baptisms 1847 to 1911, are available on-line through the OPC search Facility - (C-PROP).
- The OPC of St Breward has placed on-line baptisms in the St Austell and Camelford Methodist Circuit 1800 - 1837.
- Mevagissey Bible Christian Baptisms, 1837 to 1907, which are limited to St Austell entries, are available courtesy of Bill O'Reilly.
- The SOCIETY of FRIENDS (Quakers) - Christenings taken from Fowey Circuit Records, are also available on-line, courtesy of the OPC. These include individuals from St Austell.
- Cornwall Legacy have published Baptisms of Mevagissey Wesleyan Methodist Circuit 1838 - 1900 on CD. The Circuit covers Mevagissey, Tregony, Cuby, Gorran, Pentewan, Grampound, St Ewe, Gorran Haven, part of St Austell and Fowey.
- Cornwall Legacy have also published on CD baptisms (1874 to 1900) of the St Austell Primitive Methodist Circuit. Areas include: St Austell, St Blazey, St Winnow, Par, Polgooth, Tywardreath, Roche and Holmbush.
- Cornwall Legacy have published on CD baptisms (1838 to 1900) of the Mevagissey Bible Christian Circuit. The Circuit covers Mevagissey, Gorran, Veryan, Gerrans, St Ewe, St Mewan, part of St Austell and Ruan Lanihorn.
- Banns. Banns 1899 to 1911 are available on-line through the OPC search Facility - (C-PROP).
- Marriages:
- Marriages 1565 to 1900 are available on-line through the OPC search Facility - (C-PROP).
- The Cornwall Family History Society have published transcripts of: Parish Marriages 1564 to 1837, which is available in Book, CD or downloadable .pdf file formats.
- The OPC has transcribed marriages at Holy Trinity Church, St Austell, 1565 to 1900 as follows:
- Marriages 1565 to 1599 sorted by:
- Marriages 1600 to 1649 sorted by:
- Marriages 1650 to 1699 sorted by:
- Marriages 1700 to 1719 sorted by:
- Marriages 1720 to 1729 sorted by:
- Marriages 1730 to 1739 sorted by:
- Marriages 1740 to 1749 sorted by:
- Marriages 1750 to 1753 sorted by:
- Marriages 1754 to 1759 sorted by:
- Marriages 1760 to 1769 sorted by:
- Marriages 1770 to 1774 sorted by:
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- Marriages 1775 to 1779 sorted by:
- Marriages 1780 to 1784 sorted by:
- Marriages 1785 to 1789 sorted by:
- Marriages 1790 to 1794 sorted by:
- Marriages 1795 to 1799 sorted by:
- Marriages 1800 to 1805 sorted by:
- Marriages 1806 to 1812 sorted by:
- Marriages 1813 to 1815 sorted by:
- Marriages 1816 to 1819 sorted by:
- Marriages 1820 to 1823 sorted by:
- Marriages 1824 to 1826 sorted by:
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- Some marriages from the Society of Friends (Quakers) are separately available.
- Deaths/Burials:
- Burials 1564 to 1660 (with gaps), and 1661 to 1911 are available on-line through the OPC search Facility - (C-PROP).
- The Cornwall Family History Society have published transcripts of: Parish Burials 1813 to 1837, which is available in Book or CD formats.
- In 1882, the burial ground of Holy Trinity was closed to most burials, and the municipal cemetery was then opened. The OPC has transcribed burials at Holy Trinity Church, St Austell, 1564 to 1905 as follows:
- Burials 1564 - 1569 sorted by date.
- Burials 1570 - 1575 sorted by date. Note: There are no entries for 1574.
- Burials 1576 - 1583 sorted by date.
- Burials 1584 - 1588 sorted by date.
- Burials 1589 - 1592 sorted by date.
- Burials 1593 - 1596 sorted by date.
- Burials 1597 - 1605 sorted by date.
- Burials 1606 - 1615 sorted by date.
- Burials 1616 - 1619 sorted by date.
- Burials 1620 - 1629 sorted by date.
- Burials 1630 - 1650 sorted by date. Note: 1635, 1636, 1639, 1641-47, 1649 are missing.
- Burials 1651 - 1658 sorted by date. Note: 1659 and 1660 are missing.
- Burials 1661 - 1664 sorted by date.
- Burials 1665 - 1669 sorted by date.
- Burials 1670 - 1672 sorted by date.
- Burials 1673 - 1677 sorted by date.
- Burials 1678 - 1682 sorted by date.
- Burials 1683 - 1686 sorted by date.
- Burials 1687 - 1689 sorted by date.
- Burials 1690 - 1693 sorted by date.
- Burials 1694 - 1699 sorted by date.
- Burials 1700 - 1704 sorted by date.
- Burials 1705 - 1710 sorted by date.
- Burials 1711 - 1716 sorted by date.
- Burials 1717 - 1723 sorted by date.
- Burials 1724 - 1729 sorted by date.
- Burials 1730 - 1734 sorted by date.
- Burials 1735 - 1739 sorted by date.
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- Burials 1740 - 1744 sorted by date.
- Burials 1745 - 1751 sorted by date.
- Burials 1752 - 1759 sorted by date and surname.
- Burials 1760 - 1764 sorted by date and surname.
- Burials 1765 - 1769 sorted by date and surname.
- Burials 1770 - 1774 sorted by date and surname.
- Burials 1775 - 1779 sorted by date and surname.
- Burials 1780 - 1784 sorted by date and surname.
- Burials 1785 - 1789 sorted by date and surname.
- Burials 1790 - 1794 sorted by date and surname.
- Burials 1795 - 1799 sorted by date and surname.
- Burials 1800 - 1812 sorted by date and surname.
- In 1813 a new register format was adopted. Burials 1813 - 1824 sorted by:
- Burials 1825 - 1828 sorted by date and surname.
- Burials 1829 - 1831 sorted by date and surname.
- Burials 1832 - 1834 sorted by date and surname.
- Burials 1835 - 1837 sorted by date.
- Burials 1838 - 1839 sorted by date.
- Burials 1840 - 1841 sorted by date.
- Burials 1842 sorted by date.
- Burials 1843 - 1844 sorted by date.
- Burials 1845 - 1849 sorted by:
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- Burial Records of the Society of Friends (Quakers) in St Austell are available on-line.
- Burials at Bodmin Asylum of insane patients from St Austell is available on-line.
- Other Non-Conformist Records. OPC Coverage of Non-Conformist records of this parish is available.
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The parish of St Austell has been in the Registration
District of St Austell continuously from 1st July 1837. There were
sub-districts at Fowey, Grampound, Mevagissey and St Austell, but these have
now been abolished. Parishes within the district are: Creed, Fowey, Gorran, Grampound, Mevagissey, Roche, St. Austell, St. Blazey, St. Dennis, St. Ewe, St. Mewan, St. Michael Carhays, St. Sampson, St. Stephen in Brannel, Tywardreath. The Superintendant Registrar can be contacted at: 12 Carlyon Road, St Austell, PL25 4LD. Tel: 01726 68974. Fax: 01726 68974.
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- The A Cornish parish: being an account of St. Austell, town, church, district and people, is available on-line, courtesy of the Old Cornwall Society. It was edited by Joseph Hammond, and published in 1897.
- ePodunk's Cornwall page - providing general, plus some historical and genealogical information, about Cornwall and its parishes, together with links (mainly relating to general sites and services, rather than ones that are specific to Cornwall or particular parishes).
- The historic parish of St. Austell occupies the center and western side of
St. Austell Bay. It extends from the granite spine which runs down the center
of Cornwall through the China Clay country downhill to the bay. Originally it
covered 11,450 acres, and was largely occupied by the manor of Tewington. The
old town manor house stands today as the General Wolfe Inn. Tewington was one
of the initial manors that made up the Duchy of Cornwall. Other manors
included Tregongeeves, the home of Loveday Hamblin - the "Cornish Saint" who
befriended and encouraged George Fox in his ministry, and Duporth, owned by
Charles Rashleigh. His town house became the White Hart Inn; its famous
historical wallpaper has been moved to the Victoria and Albert Museum in
London, but several lovely pre-Raphaelite paintings still reside there.
Duporth is a holiday village.
The town of St. Austell has a significant church tower, covered with unique
figures explaining the Trinity and the bible, which dates from the late 1400s.
Other parts of the church date from as early as 1262, and the bench ends date
from the 1500's. One carries the original symbol of the Duke of Cornwall,
being three separate feathers, while another shows a fox preaching to a
mesmerized parishioner (a popular theme in the 14th century church). Other
notable buildings include the Market Hall, built in 1844 and described as "the
finest neo-classical building of the period". The well known St. Austell
Brewery entertains visitors Monday to Friday 9:30am to 4:30 pm. There are
two golf clubs nearby.
Although mining has always occurred in the parish, the northern half of the
historical parish was overtaken by organized corporate mining in the 18th and
19th centuries. First came tin and copper mining. Early in the 19th century,
Carclaze became the largest mine in the country. The value of the tin and
copper removed from the parish is equivalent to £9 billion in today's pounds.
Remainders of these mines exist today, although their importance to the area
has been forgotten.
After Cookworthy discovered the link between the parish's china clay and
porcelain production, china clay mining grew dramatically. It soon resulted
in trademark conical mounds of white clay rising over the area, marking where
huge deposits laid. The quality of china clay in St. Austell is only equaled by
four other places in the world, making this clay particularly valuable. In the
1860s over half of the population was involved in its extraction. China clay
production from St. Austell parish is the equivalent of £13 billion pounds
sterling by today's monetary standard. TheWheal Martyn Mining
Museum near Carthew displays to visitors an authentic 19th century mining
process, complete with historic buildings and equipment. The Eden Project, built in a disused clay
pit, borders the parish and displays an inventive use for exhausted mines. It
is a huge biome filled with interesting plantlife that amazes visitors.
Other minerals have been mined as well, including silver, gold, and uranium.
Notable mines in the area included the Great Crinnis Mine, part of which is now
covered by the grounds of the Carlyon Bay Hotel, Cuddra, Greensplat, and
Goonbarrow.
Pentewan, a village on the far southern tip of the parish, was also a lively
port. Pentewan stone came from quarries nearby; it created enduring buildings
throughout the U.K., including many manor houses and Holy Trinity Church in St.
Austell town. It has been noted for its extreme hardness by many architectural
writers. In the early 17th century, the story of was told of John Polrudden,
who built his home on a promontory with sweeping sea views. Soon thereafter,
he was captured by raiders and dragged from his home, and was never seen again.
The house fell into disrepair, but parts exist still. Pentewan has a lovely
church and Terrace built by Sir Charles Hawkins in 1821. Some of the windows
from the ruined manor were incorporated into the buildings. The town is a
small, lovely seaport with quite lively sailing groups. Porthpean House, owned
by the Petherick family, has a 3-acre garden known for its fine collection of
camellias. The garden is sometimes open to the public in aid of
charity.
St. Austell Bay is particularly blessed with an auspicious location, so sailing
and other wind-sports thrive there. The coastline is often dramatic,
especially near Black Head, where Castle Goltha has been excavated. It has
been estimated that the site had been occupied since 200 B.C. Much of the
rampart and ditch have been ploughed out, but the site remains. Another
prehistoric site is the Long Stone near Mount Charles - which has become
engulfed by the expanding town of St. Austell, but still stands.
Whilst St. Austell parish is not outstanding in any specific area, it is excels
in all. It has a rich, varied history, lovely manor houses and gardens,
interesting towns and peaceful wooded walks, and beautiful coastline.
- The OPC can look-up other information.
- Photographs.
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OPC Assistance.
- The On-line Parish Clerk (OPC) scheme operates a service to help family historians; the OPC page for this parish is available on-line, from where the OPC can be contacted.
- The OPC for St Austell has produced a genealogical website for the parish.
- British-Genealogy have a mailing list for those wanting to discuss ancestry in St Austell.
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The Domesday Settlements of Cornwall, a study undertaken by the Cornwall Branch of the Historical Association, has identified and located settlements listed in the Exeter and Exchequer Domesday Survey of AD 1086. The following places have been identified in St Austell ecclesiastical parish:
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- In 1660, there was a Parliamentary (Taxation) Survey undertaken of Cornwall; this listed Freeholders, Copyholders and Leaseholders of land. The list for the Manor of Treverbyn Courtney (or Courtnay), in St Austell parish, is available on-line.
- The parish and town tithe maps, and accompanying survey books of c1840, provide a fascinating snap-shot of land use and ownership in the 19th century. In order to preserve the documents and improve access to them, the Cornwall Record Office are digitising these maps and survey books. The CD ROM tithe package include a map and survey books, together with a reader, for this parish; it is now available from the Cornwall Record Office. Details are on their website. A transcription of the 1839-40 list of landowners, lessees, and occupier of land, which corresponds to a map held at CRO, is available on the Tithe Apportionment Index, which is also on-line, courtesy of the OPC.
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MANORS in St Austell Parish. For information on the location of material on the manors and tenements in St. Austell, the Courtney Library, Royal Institution of Cornwall, has the Henderson Collection - which includes most places in St. Austell. However, the
Johnstone Collection at the CRO in Truro would be the place to go for Pentewan
material, the Carlyon Collection at the CRO has material for Tregrehan, and the
Sawle Collection has material on Tewington.
The Manorial Documents Register (MDR) notes that, so far as can be
established, the parish of St Austell contained the following manors:
- Austell Prior (alias Austell)
- Penrice
- St. Austell Manor
- Tewington
- Tregorrick
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- Trenance
- Trenance Austell*
- Trenarren*
- Treverbyn Courtenay
- Treverbyn Trevanion
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The Cornwall Record Office website includes the following manors, which had
(have) subsidiary manorial holdings within St. Austell Parish. (Please see the
manorial holdings listed below).
- Pentewan
- Prideaux
- Tredenham
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- Tregrehan
- Tregenna, in St. Ewe
- Tregenna, in St. Issey
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The MDR contains the following information for these manors:
- Austell Prior Manor.
- Rents. Rents of the Manor of Austell (Austell Prior) - 1602, are available on-line, courtesy of the OPC.
- Minister's accounts 1542-1623, receiver's accounts 1542-1661 and surveys
1609, 1615, 1619, temp Chas I, 1650, 1784, 1792, 1797, 1840 in the Duchy of
Cornwall Office, 10 Buckingham Gate, London SW1 6LA. (Access to records at
the Duchy of Cornwall Office is restricted).
- Court rolls and estreats 1575/76, 1624/25-1628/29, estreats 1592/93-1625/26
and Commonwealth survey in the Public Record Office, Ruskin Avenue, Kew,
Richmond, Surrey TW9 4DU (refs incl: SC2/155/25; SC2/156/24; SC2/158/45;
SC2/162/24; E317/Cornwall/3).
- Survey 17th cent in Southampton Archives Office, Civic Centre, Southampton
SO14 7LY (collection ref: D/M).
- Penrice Manor.
Accounts 1738 and rentals 1750-61, 1804-17, c1802 in Cornwall Record Office,
Old County Hall, Truro TR1 3AY (ref: DDCF 3524, 3545-47).
- St Austell Manor.
- Court rolls, some with Tywardreath Priory 1418-30, 1456-71, 1535-40 in
Cornwall Record Office (ref: AR/2/8).
- List of tenants c1790 in Cornwall Record Office (ref: DDCF 3126).
- Tewington Manor.
- Minister's accounts 1341-75, 1458-1630, receiver's 1400-1660, assession
rolls 1333-1752 (non consecutive), court rolls 1628-1796, rentals and
assessioning papers 17th-18th cent and surveys 1338, 1619, 1650, 1663-1773
in the Duchy of Cornwall Office (access restricted).
- Minister's accounts and assession rolls, etc, with other Ducy manors
13th-16th cent, court rolls and estreats 1398-99, 1539-1648 and Commonwealth
survey in the Public Record Office (no reference given).
- Court rolls 1540-1774 in the British Library, Manuscript Collections, 96
Euston Road, London NW1 2DB (ref: BM List 1928, p. 36).
- Modern translations of court rolls 1604-1750 in Cornwall Record Office (ref:
X507/2).
Court rolls and estreats 1642/43-1643/44 in the Public Record Office (ref:
SC2/156/22).
- Rents. Rents of the Manor of Tewington - 1710 are available on-line, courtesy of the OPC.
- Misc rentals, reeve's accounts and papers rel to enclosure 1662, 1729,
1774-1846 in Cornwall Record Office (collection ref: Mr T Carlyon,
Tregrehen; reported on 25 January 1955).
- Court book 1790-97, steward's book 1781-1821, assession books 1759, 1767,
1794, 1812, 1822, jury and tenants' answers c1590, c1690, 1710, 1759, 1767,
1774, 1787, list of reeves 1683-1713, lists of tenants c1714, c1790, 1796,
1815, lists, demands and receipts rel to rents and dues 1717-51, list of
customary rents c1780, rental 1816 and note of homage 1638 in Cornwall
Record Office (ref: DDCF 3134-3159).
- Rents and fines, with Tybesta 1798 in Cornwall Record Office (ref: DDEN
1983).
- Assession rolls 16th-18th cent in the Royal Institution of Cornwall, Royal
Cornwall Museum, River Street, Truro TR1 2SJ (correspondence address:
Courtney Library, Royal Institution of Cornwall, Royal Cornwall Museum,
River Street, Truro TR1 2SJ) (ref: HK).
- Tregorrick Manor.
- Tenants. Tenants by copy of the Manor Court of Tregorrick - 1602, are available on-line, courtesy of the OPC.
- Accounts with other manors 1387-1797 (non consecutive), court rolls with
other manors 1569-72, 1579-81, estreat rolls with other manors 1556-8, court
books with other manors 1634-9, 1664-75, 1792-6, presentments with other
manors 1732-72, 1799-1801, rental 1797 and rentals with other manors 1578,
1586-1603, 1618, c1627, 1662-1799 in Cornwall Record Office (ref: AR/2/479,
734-6, 758-9, 763, 767-8, 778-9, 783-816, 818, 820, 849, 857, 885-1215,
1342-79).
- Court roll with other manors 1622-23 and court rolls 1624-28, 1632-33 in
Cornwall Record Office (ref: Acc. Jul-Sept 1962, Acc Jan-March 1965).
- Rental 1710 in Cornwall Record Office (ref: DDT (1031)).
- Rental 1727-30 in Cornwall Record Office (ref: A cc 323, AD 32).
- Rentals 1727-31 in Cornwall Record Office (ref: Acc. Oct-Dec 1957).
- Trenance Manor.
Trenance or Trevant court book 1734-88 in Cornwall Record Office (collection
ref: DD R(S)).
- Treverbyn Courtenay or Treverbyn Trevanion Manor.
- Map of commons c1840, copy plan 1840, account of tin tells 1845-49 and plans
c1908, 1947 in Cornwall Record Office (ref: MT 272-3, 847-50).
- Treverbyn Courtenay Manor.
- A survey of Freeholders and tenants of Treverbyn Courtenay Manor in 1591 is available, courtesy of the OPC.
- Rents. Freeholders and tenants by lease of the Manor Court of Treverbyn-Courtnay", are available on-line, courtesy of the OPC.
- Court rolls 1355/56-1356/57, 1543/44-1546/47, 1575/76-1600/01 (non
consecutive), 1610/11-1648/49 (non consecutive) in the Public Record Office
(ref: SC2/156/21, 26; SC2/164/28-30).
- Minister's accounts 1561-1623, receiver's accounts 1542-1661, court rolls
1628-1795 and surveys 1611-c1840 (non consecutive), 1974 in the Duchy of
Cornwall Office (access restricted).
- Extracts from accounts 1528, copy surveys 1601, 1611, copy Parliamentary
survey 1650, extract from terrier 1797 and book of reference 1840 in
Cornwall Record Office (ref: MT 274-84, 848).
- Survey 17th century in Southampton Archives Office (collection ref: D/M).
- Rent rolls 1730, 1790 in Cornwall Record Office (ref: ME 1708, 1712).
- Survey 1601/02 in the Public Record Office (ref: E315/414/65-75).
- Surveys temp. Jas I in the Public Record Office (ref: LR2/207/44-46).
- Court book 1790-1812, rentals 1776, 18th cent, copy quietus 1786, list of
tenants 1809, notes on property c1795-6 and deputy steward's book of copies
of court roll 1742-1818 (ref: DDCF 3168-77, 3155).
- Lease books, with Treverbyn Trevanion 1857-1960 at Wheal Martyn China Clay
Heritage Centre (ref: 1992.61).
- Printed map of commons with other St Austell manors nd (19th cent) in
Cornwall Record Office (ref: Acc. Jan-March 1971, no. 11).
- Treverbyn Trevanion Manor.
- Rental with other manors 1753 in Cornwall Record Office (ref: DDCF 3578).
- Court books, rentals and rent accounts 1755-69, 1789-97, 1830-38 and map of
commons c1840 in Cornwall Record Office (ref: MT 285-88, 847).
* The MDR has no note of records relating to the manors of Trenance Austell
and Trenarren.
MANORS with subsidiary holdings in St. Austell Parish.
- Pentewan Manor, in the parish of Mevagissey.
Rentals, surveys and papers 1782-1810 in Cornwall Record Office, Old County
Hall, Truro TR1 3AY (collection ref: DDT).
- Prideaux Manor, in the parish of Luxulyan
- Rentals 1722-96, survey and valuations, etc 1747-1805 and accounts, etc with
other manors 1663-1801 in Cornwall Record Office (ref: Acc. Oct-Dec
1958).
- Court rolls and rentals 1756, 1758. These were formerly in Devon
Record Office, Castle Street, Exeter EX4 3PU but were removed by 1961 (ref:
Prideaux MSS).
Rents due 1804-58 in Cornwall Record Office (ref: DDCF 3380,
3381).
- Tredenham Manor, in the parish of Probus.
Presentments 1896-1915
in Cornwall Record Office (collection ref: DD J).
- Tregrehan Manor, in the parish of St. Blazey.
Map 1776 in
Cornwall Record Office (ref: Acc. Apr-June 1957) (Tregregahan
manor).
- Accounts 1458-1662 (non consecutive), survey 16th cent, rental 17th cent,
rent accounts 1777-78, court rolls with other manors 1557-78, 1681, book of
rents 1701 and map 1776 in Cornwall Record Office (ref: ME 1663-1665,
1721-22, 1728-29, 1836-1884, 2368).
- Miscellaneous papers (55), principally rentals and reeves' accounts,
1677-1852 in Cornwall Record Office (ref: Mr T Carlyon; reported on 25
January 1955).
- Rental 1875-1923 in Cornwall Record Office (ref: Acc. Apr-June 1963).
- Plans with other manors 1918 in Devon Record Office (ref:
D547B/P/1673).
- Tregenna Manor, in the parish of St. Ewe.
- Bailiff's account rolls 1486-89, 1513-15, survey 1575, rental 1797.
- court rolls with other manors 1512, 1556-72, 1579-81, 1634-39.
- Court book with other manors 1664-78, 1733-37, 1792-96.
- Accounts with other manors 1387-1797 (non consecutive).
- Rentals with other manors 1578, 1586-1603, 1618, c1627,
1662-1799, 18th cent and presentments with other manors 1732-72, 1792-1801>
These are in Cornwall Record Office (ref: A2/473-78, 732-37, 758-59, 763, 768-69, 781,
783-816, 818, 820 847-57, 885-1215, 1342-79, 1386).
- Account roll with other manors 1575-76 in Cornwall Record Office (ref: DDX
609).
- Tregenna Manor, in the parish of St. Issey.
The above information correlates with the CRO website AND the Historical
Manuscripts Commission. All the information regarding what records are held
where will be on the OPC website. It should be noted
that the Austell Prior 17th cent. survey is in Southampton.
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- The 1569 CORNWALL MUSTER ROLL of St. AUSTENE (Austell), being a military muster, listing all males of military age, and the armour and weapons they could supply for the national defence. Individuals were expected to make provision in accordance with the value of their land and goods, is available.
- A list of Boer War participants (in South Africa 1899 to 1902), with Cornish ties, who served with the Railway Pioneer Regiment, and who came from St. Austell, are on-line. These have been transcribed by Malcolm Webster.
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- St Austell parish was part of the St
Austell Union for Poor Law administration and parish relief.
- St. Austell Union Workhouse, established in 1839. It was situated on high ground
to the north of the Town, and was erected in 1839 in the Elizabethan style,
from designs by the Architects G. Gilbert Scott and W. Bonython
Moffatt.
It was built to accommodate 300 inmates, and served the
following parishes and towns: St. Austell, St. Blazey, Charlestown, Creed, St.
Dennis, St. Ewe, Fowey, Golant, Gorran, Grampound, Holmbush, Mevagissey, St.
Mewan, St. Michael Carhayes, Molinnis, Par, Porthpean, Pentewan, Rescorla,
Roche, St Stephens-in-Brannel, Trenarren, Tregrehan, Trethurgy, Tregorrick,
Tregonissey, Tywardreath, and Wrestling Green per the Kelly's 1873
directory. The OPC has provided census details of the staff and inmates.
- St. Austell workhouse information regarding the inmates, in the form of such records as admission and discharge registers, and master's report books, have not survived. The minute books did survive, but deal with buildings and finance, and do not refer to individual pauper inmates. Mothers did sometimes give birth in the workhouse, but these births as a matter of course would be registered with the St. Austell Superintendant Registrar after 1837.
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- Population in 1801 - 3788 persons
- Population in 1811 - 3686 persons
- Population in 1821 - 6175 persons
- Population in 1831 - 8758 persons
- Population in 1841 - 10180 persons in the parish, and 140 persons in
the Union Workhouse
- Population in 1851 - 10750 persons
- Population in 1861 - 11824 persons (including 11823 in St Austell parish)
- Population in 1871 - 11793 persons
- Population in 1881 - 11286 persons
- Population in 1891 - 11377 persons
- Population in 1901 - 11998 persons
- Population in 1911 - 13609 persons
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- Population in 1921 - 13577 persons
- Population in 1931 - 20464
persons (including 8295 in St Austell parish)
- Population in 1951 - 20813 persons
- Population in 1961 - 19970 persons
- Population in 1971 - 16600 (St
Austell Town, including Charlestown and Carlyon Bay)*
- Population in 1981 - 19480 persons
- Population in 1991 - 20395 persons (incl. 10480 in St Austell
parish)
- Population in 2001 - 21110 persons
- Population in 2011 - 00000 persons
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The 1971 Census was counted slightly differently; the actual count
produced a population figure of 32,265 for St Austell town, parish but this also
included Fowey Borough.
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Church of England Probate Records: Index to Calendar 1773 - 1858 is available on-line.
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- A list of the Vicars and Priests of Holy Trinity, St. Austell 1259 to 1550, is available on-line.
- In the May of 1641 it was agreed and ordered that every Member of the House
of Commons and House of Lords should make a protestation (declaration of
loyalty) to the crown. The Protestation was printed and then distributed by the
Members to their counties. The Protestation was to be made by everyone and the
Rectors, Churchwardens and Overseers of the Poor, had to appear before the
Justices of the Peace in their Hundred to make their protestation and, on
returning to their parishes, any two of them were to witness the taking of the
Protestation Oath by all males over the age of 18 years. All names were listed
and anyone who refused was to be noted.
No
Protestation Returns in 1642 for St Austell were submitted. This parish was one of only three parishes which refused to comply.
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- The St Austell Old Cornwall Society News Page is on-line.
- The Pentewen Old Cornwall Society News Page is on-line.
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Originally St Austell parish encompassed 11,450 acres. In 1847, the parish
of Charlestown was created from the eastern section, and Treverbyn was created
from the northern half in 1850, leaving St. Austell a parish of 1,339 acres of
land and inland water.
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