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The parish of St Michael Penkivel (or Penkevill), (Cornish: Pennkevyll), is situated in the
Deanery and Hundred of Powder. It is bounded on the north by St Clement's
Creek and Merther, on the east by Lamorran, on the south by Lamorran Creek,
which separates it from Philleigh, and on the west by the river Fal, which
separates it from Kea. The parish is named after the dedication of the church
to St Michael, and the name of the manor Penkivel. This unspoilt village lies
hidden in woods between the Truro and Fal rivers. The house at nearby
Tregothnan was built in 1816 and was designed by
William Wilkins, who also designed the famous gothic screen fronting King's
College, Cambridge. Much of the woodland of the parish is managed by the Tregothnan estate, whose
sawmills provide sawn wood and wood products. Tregothnan House, the residence
of the Boscawen Family, was built c.1818 by Edward Boscawen, fourth Viscount
and first Earl of Falmouth. Lake's 'Parochial History of Cornwall'
states:
The structure....comprises a main body with lateral extensions, the whole
supported and tastefully ornamented with octagonal turrets, enriched chimney
stacks, and battlemented parapets. A broad terrace protected with massive iron
railing extends along the front and the chief entrance is a projecting porch
with open arches....the grouping is rendered still more interesting by the
beautiful parish church, the tasteful and commodious school premises, erected
in 1844, and the neat rectory house.
The Rt. Hon Admiral
Boscawen was born here. In 1740 he assisted in the capture of Porto Bello
and in 1741 bravely attacked a took a battery of fifteen 24-pounder guns at
Carthagena. He distinguished himself in Lord Anson's actions at Finisterre in
which he was wounded. In 1758 he was appointed commander-in-chief of the
British naval forces in America. He assisted in the reduction of Louisberg and
the island of Cape Breton. For these duties he was nominated a Privy
Councillor.
St Michael Penkivel parish has the villages of Tregonian,
Tregothnan, Nancarrow and Penkevel.
The Cornwall Family History Society have published Monumental Inscriptions for the Parish Church - 208 entries.
Census information for this parish (1841 - 1901) is held in the
Cornwall
Record Office. The Cornwall Family
History Society offers a census search service for its members. The Cornwall Family History Society have also published on-line census detail by surname on the FamilyHistoryonLine site.
Specific census information for this parish is available as follows:
Anglican. The parish
church is located in OS Grid Square SW8542; it was dedicated to St. Michael
on 13th August 1261 by Walter Bronescombe, bishop of Exeter. In 1319 the
patron, Sir John de Trejago founded a chantry here, and bishop John Stapledon
of Exeter made the church into a collegiate foundation with four priests. The
archpriest was to have the 'cure of souls' and the other three were to serve
chantries in the church.
The existing church was built in 1862-66 on the site of the old one. It
consists of a chancel, nave, and north and south transepts. The pulpit consists
of an alabaster basement surmounted with a tracery of Pentewan stone supported
on serpentine pillars. The tower consists of two stages, the first being
heavily buttressed; it is surmounted by a steeple. The belfry contains four
bells. There is a record that the old tower was lowered at the order of Admiral
Boscawen in 1761 so that it could not be used as a landmark for the enemy
(presumably the French). The church contains many monuments to the Boscawen
family who have lived at Tregothnan in the parish for many centuries. Entrances
are by a south porch and a north door.
There is an Indulgence in favour of this church 'given at Avignon the 4th day
of May, in the year of our Lord 1335, and the Pontificate of our Lord Pope
Benedict the 12th, the first.' Various duties are outlined, and the observer of
these 'should have forty days indulgence from the penances enjoyned upon them.'
This indulgence may have been granted to augment the incomes of the priests,
but the Black Death (1349) and the rise in prices seem to have sealed the fate
of the 'archpresbytery' which before 1426 was a Rectory once more.
The parish is now part of the Lamorran with Merther, Tresillian and St. Michael Penkivel Team Ministry.
The parish of St Michael Penkivel has been in the Truro
Registration District continuously from 1st July 1837. There were
sub-districts at Kea, Kenwyn, Probus, St. Agnes, St. Clement and St
Just-in-Roseland, but these have now been abolished. Parishes in this registration district are: Cornelly, Cuby, Feock, Gerrans, Kea, Kenwyn, Ladock, Lamorran, Merther, Perranzabuloe, Philleigh, Probus, Ruan Lanihorne, St. Agnes, St. Allen, St. Anthony in Roseland, St. Clement, St. Erme, St. Feock, St. Just in Roseland, St. Michael Penkevil, Tregavethan, Tregony St. James, Truro St. Mary, Veryan.
The address of the Registration Office is: Dalvenie House, New County Hall, Truro, TR1 3AY.
Tel: 01872 322241.
OPC Assistance. The On-line Parish Clerk (OPC) scheme operates a service to help family historians; the OPC page for this parish is available on-line, from where the OPC can be contacted by email.
St Michael Penkivel parish was part of the Truro Union for Poor Law administration and parish relief. Overseers' Accounts (1766 to 1828) are available in the Cornwall Record Office.
Lamorran and Merther parishes were included into St Michael Penkivel for civil purposes in 1934.
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In the May of 1641 it was agreed and ordered that every Member of the House
of Commons and House of Lords should make a protestation (declaration of
loyalty) to the crown. The Protestation was printed and then distributed by the
Members to their counties. The Protestation was to be made by everyone and the
Rectors, Churchwardens and Overseers of the Poor, had to appear before the
Justices of the Peace in their Hundred to make their protestation and, on
returning to their parishes, any two of them were to witness the taking of the
Protestation Oath by all males over the age of 18 years. All names were listed
and anyone who refused was to be noted.
The
Protestation Returns of 1642 for St Michael Penkivel are available
on-line.
The parish contains approximately 1000 acres of land.
The Hearth Tax entries for St Michael Penkivel (1660-1664) are available on-line.
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