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Whitchurch For more information about Whitchurch parish, see Genuki Solva The Smalls Lighthouse "......in 1856 the "almost stagnant trade" of the town was revived by the building of the second Smalls Lighthouse under the direction of Sir James Douglass. This was completed in 1861 at a cost of £50,125, although the Corporation of Trinity House had to pay £170,468 for the proprietorship of the first Smalls Lighthouse. It was built of 3,696 tons of granite, the stones being brought by steam tugs, whaleboats and barges from the De Lank Quarries near Bodmin in Cornwall. The stones were dressed in Solva and shipped from Trinity Quay, which was built for this purpose and named after the Corporation of Trinity House." [ Based on "The History of Solva" by F.W. Warburton 1944 . Gerry 15.6.2000 D]

Steynton For more information about Steynton parish, see Genuki Steynton  Parish Church In 1851 Sir Stephen Glynne described this church as " of coarse and rude architecture, with the ordinary amount of mutilation and destruction of original windows" . A restoration in 1882 made matters worse, the body of the building being "almost swept out of historical existence by a tornado of  change. Excepting mutilated remnants of the main walls and the tower, itself  in part falsified, there have survived out of the past only three small  windows in the side walls of the chancel. Every other feature has been wiped out." ( Notes on the Architectural History of Steynton Church W D Caroe F.S.A. 1916 p3) The main structure (including the first 20 feet of the tower or thereabouts and the font ) may date from the early 13 th century. The plain font bowl ( a square of 26 inches externally, and 20 inches internally, and a depth of 12 1/2 inches) stands upon a circular shaft 52 inches in circumference. The restoration, however unfortunate, revealed interesting relics, which are thus described ( Arch Camb 1896 V xiii 354):- 1] A human skull, three horse skulls and a pike head, found under the second chancel step. The present location of the iron pike-head is unknown. [ Edward Laws ( The History of Little England Beyond Wales 1888) records ; "In the year 1883 the stone steps leading into the chancel of Steynton Church were taken up. Not more than a foot beneath the surface and immediately beneath the chancel arch were found a human skeleton, three horses' skulls and an iron pike head".] 2] In each pillar of the arcade was found a cavity, and in each cavity a human thigh bone. These were remains, as much probably of Viking warriors as of British saints. The cavities were about 4 feet from the ground. 3] A handsome C13 window was disclosed in the south wall ; also broken pieces of a font of the same period, which has been repaired. 4] The foundation of a smaller church consiting only of the nave was uncovered. 5] The stones of "two large cromlechs" in the centre of the nave about 4 feet from the surface; they were more than 5 feet in length. Ogam Inscribed Stone This stone, now in the church, formerly stood in the middle of the burial ground , not far from the south-east end of the building. The Hiberno-Saxon minuscules , slightly injured by the subsequent cutting of a wheel cross, can be traced along the perpendicular line of the cross, both they and the Ogam read GENDILI . In 1876 the stone was again used as a memorial and an inscription cut beneath the cross. Arch Camb 1880 IV xi 292 ill xii 217 Taken from the Royal Commission on Ancient Monuments; Also, when building the new Vicarage about 8 years ago the skeleton of a Cromwellian soldier minus his head was discovered in the grounds -- outside the cemetary boundaries to the north. The remains were re-buried in the Churchyard  with a stone marker with the inscription M O W ( Man of War) [Basil Hughes 10 Sept 2000 D] The Wreck of the "Felicita" in Sandy Haven on the 20 Fbruary 1833 Extract from the Cambrian 1833 "The Neapolitan brig Felicity, G G D'Amon, master from Glasgow, laden with coals and bale goods, bound for Palermo and Leghorn, in returning to Milford Haven in the night of Tuesday, ran on shore in Sandy Haven Bay, opposite the Stack Rock, within the harbour; when she was discovered at daylight a complete wreck, and was finally knocked all to boards. The crew, 18 in number, were sticking by the wreck, 6 of whom were drowned in attempting to swim on shore or washed off into the sea. Great praise is justly due to Mr William Field (brother of the late Mr Richard Field of Milford, shipbuilder), who dashed under the breakers, and swam to the brig, and succeeded in bringing 9 of the crew on shore alive. - The Boatswain, a stout man of 6 feet, died in his arms whilst being conveyed on shore, also a boy about 12 years of age, after being carried safe to land. The Master, a good swimmer, in attempting to reach the shore was seen to buffet the waves and go down. - Four of the bodies have been brought on shore, viz. the master, mate, boatswain, and a boy; two not yet found. A part of the bale goods has been saved in a damaged state. It must be observed, that not one of the many spectators would venture to the wreck but Mr Field, who had two or three narrow escapes for his life in his perilous exertions." Extract from the Annual Report of the RNLI for 1835 William FIELD. Former master mariner. SILVER MEDAL 132 20 February 1833 Voted 12 June 1833 In passage from the Clyde to Leghorn, Italy the Sicilian brig Felicita was wrecked in Sandy Haven Bay, west of Milford Haven, Pembrokeshire during the night of the 19/20th her master and six seamen being washed off and drowned. About 7 a.m. Mr. Field saw the wreck on the sands near his house, the hull broken in two, all her masts gone, surf breaking over her and the survivors in the lower rigging. Obtaining the services of two volunteers he went over the reef and swam to the wreck and, with one of the men, brought two seamen safely ashore in two journeys. With the other volunteer assisting them they brought the remaining survivors (including two passengers) ashore but one seaman and a boy died later. All the survivors were so exhausted as to be helpless and the passengers all became badly cut by being thrown against the rocks. The RNLI lists the names of persons saved as: Ludovico lavico, passenger Pietro Savarell, passenger Giovanni Liberto, carpenter and nine seamen. Whose who died are as follows: Guiseppa D'Anno Stafano Pegano Francisco Griscaolo Vicenzo Digenaro Cosimo Viole and boy Gaspari For his bravery William Feild was awarded a Silver Medal & £5 from the RNLI and a cup awarded locally for his bravery along with the other two volunteers William Evans and Rees Jones each receiving £3 or £2 respectively. [Rosemary May 11 Sept 2000 D]

Monkton For more information about Monkton parish, see Genuki Monkton church and churchyard Up to the year 1834, the inhabitants of what is now Pembroke Dock had the "right" of burial in St Mary's Churchyard, Pembroke, but that place being very limited Monkton Churchyard (with the exception of a few buried at  Bethany Chapel) became the burial ground. Monkton Churchyard contains by far the greater number of the 'honoured ''dead  of the early dockyard. On the west side of the churchyard they were laid side  by side from the Churchyard gate up to the Church door, close alongside  that pathway. His Majesty King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra, on the 23rd  Aug, 1902 visited Monkton Church and scanned some of the headstones whilst  passing through this path.It may be interesting to record some of' the  inscriptions: To the memory of Mary the wife of Thomas Roberts,' master' shipwright of His Majesty's Yard; Pembroke, who departed this life, 24th January 1824, aged 52 years Sacred to the memory of William Calder, Esq., of H.M.Dockyard, Pembroke, who departed this life, 4th May, 1826 , aged 62. To the memory of Elinor Burch, daughter of Thomas and Anne Burch, of  Plymouth , who departed this life, April 3rd 1819. One who was buried there in 1829 was Joseph King.  He had served on the " Boreas" the Agamemnon and the "Captain" as Boatswain under Nelson and was recommended by him and the Earl of St Vincent to the post of Boatswain to the Dockyard of Gibralter from December 9th 1796 to 1808. The then came to the Haven, first as Boatswain to the Dockyard at Milford then on its transfer to the Dockyard at Paterchurch. He had a son John Nesbit King who married Ann Gale. [12 Sept 2000 D] When the Rev David Bowen, who was also an architect, was appointed Vicar in 1877 the church was partly in ruins and had been for some time. At that time the congregation worshipped in the nave, a photograph of which shows that the chancel and side chapel were in ruins with no roof or windows and covered in  vegetation. The first entry into the bank pass book for the Restoration fund  was dated May 17th 1878 and the first faculty was granted in 1882 (2 Aug)  for the restoration of the then Church. During the restoration the floor level was lowered and levelled. This revealed that, like in many other churches, there had been numerous burials below the floor one of which, if the terms of his will of 1500 were carried out, was Richard Newton. The remains were collected ind interned in a large grave by the north wall of the Churchyard. Two effigies were uncovered in the floor of the porch and these were later placed in recesses in the chancel and sanctuary, While work was proceeding in the porch, the fine Norman arch was uncovered and a room above the porch was found and opened. This was found to contain the skeleton it was alleged of a woman in the kneeling position In 1939 , Rev Ivor Daniels , the Roman Catholic priest , in a series of vitriolic correspondence in the West Wales Guardian strongly denied the story , stating it was a monk. The first part of the restored building was reopened on 8th December 1882 to a large congregation by the Lord Bishop of St David's who took as his text Coll III., 3-4. He was accompanied by the Venerable Archdeacon Lewis. The collection of £21 14s 5d was given to the Restoration fund and after the service many paid 2s for lunch in the crypt of the Old Hall.(this would have been soon after its restoration by Mr Cobb). The Bishop also baptised the son Walter Mark, of Captain Walter Hoare and his wife Edith Mary. There was once, according to legend, a passage from the priory to the castle, but the sites entrance and exit have been lost. According to one very reliable early Church history of the area the entrance site is where a large bush stands in the vicarage garden and the passage was last partly walked in the late 1800's by the Davies brothers, one of whom later helped with the exploration of the Priory Cave. The history states that they got part way along the passage and could hear the sound of the water above their heads and decided to go no further. [Basil Hughes ] Priory Farm Cave Monkton. This cave was described by Professor W F Grimes as " the most westerly  outpost of Upper Palaeolithic culture in this country" and as adding " something to our knowledge of the upper Palaeolithic period in Wales ". Amongst the Bronze Age remains that were found was a saw. This he described  as " the only one of its type at present known in Britain" [Basil Hughes ] Names in the History of Orielton The information on this listing was taken from Pemb Hist Vol 5 Owen of Orielton Compiled by Basil Hughes. From A Topographical Dictionary of Wales (S. Lewis, 1833). "In this parish is Orielton, an ancient mansion supposed to have been originally built by one of the followers of Arnulph de Montgomery, called Oriel, from whom it derived its name, and now the property of Sir John Owen, Bart. In the reign of Henry II. it belonged to the family of the Wyrriotts, in whose possession it continued till the reign of Elizabeth, when it passed by marriage with the heiress of that family to Sir Hugh Owen, Bart., who, dying in 1809, left his large estates to his kinsman, John Lord, Esq., who, assuming the name of Owen, was created a baronet, and is now lord-lieutenant of the county. It has been greatly improved by the present proprietor, and is a handsome mansion, occupying an elevated situation, finely sheltered by thick woods, and ornamented with thriving plantations. " The name listing is on Orielton

Haverfordwest For more information about Haverfordwest parish, see Genuki Waldo Williams [1904-1971] One of Wales's  most gifted  C20 poets, born in Haverfordwest to an English speaking mother and a Welsh speaking father. When he was aged 7 the family moved to the village of Mynachlog-ddu, he quickly learnt Welsh and fell in love with the language. One of his best remembered poems is Y Tangnefeddwyr which he composed one night during WWII as he watched German bombers destroying the  town centre of Swansea. [ Based on "A Helping Hand "by W J Jones 1996. Gareth Hicks]  Haverfordwest Pirates 1577 letter from the Privy Council of Elizabeth 1 to Sir John Perrot cataloguing the misdeeds of John Callice; "Whereas their Lordships are given to understand that one John Callice, a notable pirate frequenting that country and arriving lately at Milford was lodged and housed at Haverfordwest, and being there known was suffered to escape, their Lordships do not a little marvel at the negligence of such as are Justces in those parts" [Introducing West Wales .Maxwell Frazer 1956. Basil Hughes 12 Sept 2000 D] Haverfordwest in the early 1700s Whilst some may hanker for the olden days perhaps this extract from a Western Telegraph Almanac of 1956, price 1/6d may really make us think. (revision of John Browns Book, "History of Haverfordwest) There would be some things about the place at which one would be fairly shocked. We will, however, imagine ourselves strolling of a Saturday down Shut Street, (Dew Street as it now is) and make our observations as we proceed. Almost all of the houses on this part are miserable thatched hovels, with manure heaps at the front. Pavements are a long way in the future, for there is not even a raised causeway. Our progress, as we keep to the line of houses, is constantly interrupted by a horse bench outside every public house. These latter are very numerous, and from their doors streams forth an everlasting smell of new drink, for the inmates are constantly brewing... Observe too how frequently we are met by people with horribly disfigured countenances, faces ploughed with small pox and eyes terribly bleared, for vaccination was unknown and the dreadful disease spread like a pest as indeed it was. Moping idiots and madmen gay too constantly cross our path, troops of neglected children with bare legs and no shoes, these would have grown up into heathens had it not been for the Sunday Schools that had been introduced to which these poor children are brought and religious instruction given. Dew Street is but a few hundred yards long and at its junction with Tower Hill was a Grammar School originally at St Thomas Lane, where future "gentlemen" were schooled. What a contrast.  [Tony James  21 Feb 2002 D ] " Scarlet Waistcoats of Taskers Scholars" The following is taken from the Western Telegraph Almanac 1956, re Haverfordwest. The quaint costumes of the recipients of the bounty of Mary Tasker, who founded Tasker's School for poor children of both sexes were: ....the boys had old fashioned hats, long tailed blue coats turned up, with scarlet waistcoats, corduroy knee-breeches, yarn hose, and shoes with buckles: ....the girls wore hats, white caps, white neckerchiefs, white aprons, blue jackets turned up, with scralet cotton skirts, yarn hose and shoes with buckles. The recipients of Wavers Charity (still called black coats) were required to, and formerly did, walk in black coats or gowns before the Mayor to and from St.Marys Church on every Lords Day" [Tony James  24 Feb 2002 D ]

Little Newcastle For more information about Little Newcastle parish, see Genuki An extract from "The Maritime Heritage of Dyfed" . National Museum of Wales ISBN 0 7200 0268 0 "............ The smuggling activities of the men of New Quay and Penbryn pale into insignificance however when compared with the exploits of Dyfed's most famous pirate - Barti Ddu or Black Bart. Born in 1682 in the village of Little Newcastle, Bartholemew Roberts was perhaps one of the most successful pirates of all time, and is reputed to have been first to hoist the Skull and Crossbones flag, universally recognised as the dreaded hall-mark of pirate vessels. He first went to sea at the age of thirteen, serving in naval vessels during the war of the Spanish Succession, and after a number of years on board slaving vessels, he joined the crew of the Royal Rover, a pirate vessel in 1719. Within a few months, the captain of this vessel was killed in an engagement, and such was the esteem with which the crew already regarded Roberts, that he was made captain. Within a short period of time he sailed down to Brazil, and in the sight of forty Portugese men o'war, captured the prize vessel, Sagrada Familia, bearing a cargo worth about Two and a half million pounds in present day terms. This was to be the first in a series of daring raids and actions that returned a fortune in excess of eighty million pounds for Roberts and his crew by 1721. Despite his fierce reputation, Bartholomew Roberts had a number of beliefs and habits not usually associated with the accepted image of a pirate captain. He was a strict tee-totaller and Sabbatarian, and allowed no gambling nor prostitution on board his vessels. When engaging his intended prize, he appeared on deck dressed in a crimson coat and breeches to the accompianment of a band that sailed everywhere with him. This flamoyant character ultimately met his end however off St Lopez in January 1722, where he was confronted by H.M.S. Swallow commanded by Captain Chaloner Ogle. Ogle, who had been given a particular commission to seek out and destroy pirate vessels, hoisted the flag of a Portugese merchantman, and Roberts moved in for the prize. As he came alongside, Ogle opened fire, and the pirate captain, conspicuous in all his finery, was killed in the first exchange.  His crew, utterly demoralised by the death of their captain,surrendered, and many were later hanged. So ended Black Barty's life as a pirate, a life that he is said to have described as he lay dying a '..... a merry life, and a short one' "      See below also. [Pat Sewell 19.4.2000 D ] Black Bart--a follow up. For those who want to have extensive details about Black Barts demise should read the letters of Capt Ogle in ADM1/2242 held at the PRO, Kew. The record of the trial of the surviving pirates can be seen in HCA1/99. It's a very thick book full of marvellous details. As far as I can recall few were Welsh born. Those captured by Capt Ogle included 187 white men and 75 black men who were to be sold. Of the white men, 77 were aquitted, 52 hanged, 20 who were sentenced to be hanged had their sentence changed to seven years servitude in the mines at Cape Coast. 2 had their execution respited until the King's pleasure be further known. 17 were sent to the Marshallsea and 19 died before coming to the trial. For those who cannot get to the PRO at Kew, the names and details of many of the pirates involved can be found in The Pirates' Who's Who by Philip Gosse, published by Dulau & Co Ltd, London, 1924. [Reg Davies 20.4.2000 D ]

Fishguard For more information about Fishguard parish, see Genuki Jemima Nicholas In 1797 the French invaded Wales when 1400 soldiers landed near Strumble Head in PEM. The story goes that they surrendered unconditionally because of the wiles of one woman, Jemima Nicholas. When she saw the invaders she rounded up her friends , clad in red shawls and marched them round the headland carrying mattocks and spades. The French apparently thought they were the British Army in strength and took fright. There is a monument in Fishguard Church to " Jemima Nicholas, a tall, stout, masculine female" who captured a dozen Frenchmen singlehanded and marched them off to the Fishguard guard-house. [ Based on "A Helping Hand "by W J Jones 1996. Gareth Hicks 18.5.2000 D]  Follow on; Jemima Nicholas died 16 July 1832 aged 82. The notice of burial in Fishguard PR, the Rev Saml Fenton [Vicar Fishguard 1825-1852] wrote 'The woman was called Jemima Vawr, i.e. Jemima the Great, from her heroic acts, she having marched against the French who landed hereabout in 1897, and being of such personal powers as to be able to overcome most men in a fight. I recollect her well. Se followed the trade or a shoemaker and made me when a little boy several pairs of shoes'. 'The Last Invasion of Britain' Commander E.H.Stuart Jones R.N. Research has been done into this family by Mr Gwynne Lloyd of Beaconsfield, Bucks. Last in contact with me 1985. [Jill Muir 20.5.2000 D] Gwaun valley new year The Welsh word for the first day of the new year is "calan". For centuries, up to 1752, the Church had been celebrating "calan" on the 25th March , but the Gwaun Valley in PEM still celebrates another  "calan" which is called "Hen Galan" and takes place on the 12th of January each year. [ Based on "A Helping Hand "by W J Jones 1996. Gareth Hicks]  Footnote; I am advised that the actual date of Hen Galan  is January 13th not the 12th.

Freystrop For more information about Freystrop parish, see Genuki Freystrop school report for 1847 A room in a cottage is the school room. The walls, floor, roof and partition were not in good repair. The supporters of the school pay £3 a year for the rent of this hut, and £12 to the master, viz. Thomas Henry Davies, Esq £3, J H Phillipps Esq £2., the Rector £2., James Higgins Esq £2., Lady Matthias £1., Mr Every ( farmer) £2., and Mr Davies £1. The instruction is  gratuitious to the scholars, except what they pay for coal in the winter. The furniture consisted only of 3 Tables and 7 benches. The master is an elderly person, and could not speak English correctly. Farmers, colliers and labourers children composed the scholars. A part of the 10th chapter of St Matthew was read. could answer questions from this chapter tolerably well - 7 days in a week - 12 months in a year - 4 seasons in a year -- it is winter now - spring next - then summer - did not know the next season, nor how many ounces in a pound of cheese.- Lady Day was on the 25th of March - did not know when the other Quarter days are . Haverfordwest market is on Saturday. Victoria is our Queen - William IV reigned before her - George IV before him -- did not know of any other kings of england. Non present were learning arithmetic. January 20th 1847 Wm Morris Assistant [Basil Hughes 13 Sept 2000 D ] A Religious Gentleman associated with Freystrop Rev Perigrine Phillips According to J T Rees " History of Protestant Nonconformity in Wales" (1861) the Oxford-educated Phillips, the son of a vicar of Amroth, was appointed to the  Llangwm living after briefly serving as his uncles curate at Kidwelly. Pluralism was very common, and with the backing of such gentlemen as Sir Hugh Owen, Sir Roger Lort and Sir John Meyrick, he was soon preferred first to Monkton and then to Pembroke St Mary's. When he preached before Oliver  Cromwell and his troops during the siege of Pembroke (1648) he so impressed the future Protector that he was invited aboard the men-of-war about to undertake the Irish campaign. During the Protectorate, Phillips became widely known as a committed advocate of the government's religious policy. A very accomplished orator, hailed by many as the best in the county , he preached in almost every church English and Welsh, and before the Justices of the Assizes at Cardigan, Haverfordwest and Carmarthen. He must have relinquished his Pembroke incumbency when the parishes of Llanwn, Freystrop and Rosemarket were united (July 1656). On one occasion, the intrepid rector had an experience which convinced many of his admirers that Providence had a special affection for him. When riding homeward late at night, both he and his horse plunged into a deep coal-pit at Freysrop and were firmly wedged in the narrow mouth a few feet from the surface. He was rescued by the proprietor Captain Longmans, who had been appraised of his perilous predicament by an un-named deaf woman and her alert grandson. Peregrine Phillips continued to be very active as an open-air preacher and public evangelist until soon after the restoration he fell foul of the Act of Uniformity (1662) which banned all acts of worship not conducted in accordance with the Book of Common Prayer. Ejected from the Established Church, this amiable but unrepentant non-conformist withdrew to Dredgeman Hill Farm which he held from Sir Herbert Perrot, of Haroldston, and which he converted into an Independent house church (1665). Thereafter he became the accredited pastor of the Green Meeting, a non-conformist group of 50/60 which assembled in a little room on St Thomas's Green and which was to develop into Albany Congregation ( now United Reformed) Church Haverfordwest. Upon his death at 68 years of age in September 1692, this unforgetteble former rector of Llangwm was buried near the pulpit at Haroldston church. [Basil Hughes ]

Carew For more information about Carew parish, see Genuki St Deniol In 1602 Thomas Wiliems copied what he described as a very ancient manuscript. This manuscript had been part of the library of Bangor Cathedral till the  Reformation. His copy is in the Peniarth collection. This manuscript  contained Lessons and a Collect commemorating St Deiniol .The lessons were  used on the Saint's day, but do not describe the life and work of the Saint  at Bangor . It seems very unusual for lessons on a saint's day especially a saint who spent most of his life in the area to commemorate his work elsewhere. It seems to predate the Norman conquest by a good margin. If the Norman bishops could  have changed these lessons they would probably have done so. Well what do  these lessons have to do with Carew ? The lessons describe St Deniol 's life on  the hill above what is now Pembroke at his hermitage between 516AD and 535 AD  and one of them refers to his well and the healing Again a certain woman from the district of Caerw (Carew), in the  diocese of Mynyw, was so swollen beyond measure that she could find no  relief by any advice of physicians. At last, coming to the church of  St Deniol, and afterwards to the aforementioned well, and imploring  the Saint's help, she drank of that water so as to regain health  and, before leaving came to the entrance of the Church, and cast  forth from her mouth, while many stood by and observed, three  horrible worms, each with four feet, and the woman was made whole from that very hour. [I wonder whether the original said with four feet or whether it described the  worms as being 4 ft long?] [Basil Hughes] Carew Castle Carew Castle is justly celebrated as one of the most magnificent castles of  south Wales. Its position is low-lying, but still prominent in the flat land  around the tidal reaches of the Carew river. The castle stands at the end of  a ridge at a strategically excellent site commanding a crossing point of the  then still navigable river. Little now remains of the earth and timber castle that was built here by the Norman Gerald of Windsor around 1100. It is first mentioned in 1212, when for some reason, King John seized it for a short time when passing through Pembroke on his Irish expedition. By this time it is probable that the first stone structure, the Old Tower, had been built to protect the original castle entrance. In 1212 described as " the house of Carrio" [ Rot Lit Pat 92b] The son of Nesta ,William adopted the name Carew. he died at the age of 70  and was succeeded by his son Raymond de Carew who had been taking part in the invasion of Ireland . His descendant Sir Nicholas de Carew , held high office  in Ireland between 1284 and 1310 and accompanied Edward 1 into Scotland. He ravaged Galloway, and was present at the siege of Caerlaverock (Dumfries).  The Roll Of Caerlaverock speaks of him as "a valiant man of great fame". His  son John also did good service against the Irish and the Scots, and when he  died in 1324, Edward III granted his widow , Joan, "six tuns of wine a year  during the King's pleasure" . The son and namesake of Sir John fought in the  French Wars, and in recognition of the prowess of his Welsh archers at Crecy,  the black lion of the Carew crest carried a golden arrow. His great-grandson  another Sir Nicholas, who died in 1447 was succeeded at Carew by his son ,  Sir Thomas, whilst his fifth son, William married the heiress of Sir Hugh  Courtney of Haccombe beginning the long connection of the Carews with the  west country holding lands in Devon and at Camerton and Crowcombe in Somerset and were the ancestors of the present owners of Carew Castle. The last of the older line to hold Carew was Sir Edmund, who mortgaged the estates to Sir  Rhys ap Thomas in 1480.. Five years later both fought for Henry VII at Bosworth and both were Knighted on the field of battle. Sir Edmund was slain  by a "gonne"at the siege of Touraine on June 28 1513 and was buried at Calais. Sir Rhys ap Thomas entertained Henry at Carew after he landed at Dale but it  was twenty seven years later that he held the most spectacular event at Carew  -a tournament to celebrate his admission into the Order of the Garter. After the death of Sir Rhys various people held Carew with little good luck In 1601 Sir George Carew, son of Dr George Carew, Dean of Windsor , and  afterwards Earl of Totnes wrote to Lord Burleigh that his - "grandfather ,Sir  Edmund mortgaged Carew Castle to Sir Rees ap Thomas, whose grandson Sir  Griffith ap Rees, Sir John Perrot, and the Earl of Essex possessed it since.  They all died attainted and two were executed, so I think that land will prove unlucky to all men that shall enjoy it, except it be a Carew" In 1607 Sir John Carew of Crowcombe took up residence at Carew and eventually bought back the estate. His descendants have remained in possession ever since although they ceased to live at Carew in 1687. the present descendants and owners are the Trollope-Bellews of Crowcombe Court. [Basil Hughes] Landlords and tenants in 1836 According to the Tithe Survey under the Commutation of Tithes Act 1836 The Landowners and tenants of Carew were :-- George Henry Carew owned 1304 acres covering parts of the whole parish, non resident. Tenants James Allen George Allen George Bevan George Bowen John Codd John Copp James Edwards Elizabeth Griffiths John Harries Thomas Heir Thomas John Richard Llewellin George Llewellin Sarah Llewellin Mrs Morgan Henry Nutting William Richards John Rowe Rebecca Rogers William Shear Isaac Vaughan Martha Rowe James Macken James Rogers Thomas Davies John Beynon John Gwyther Margaret Allen Hugh Lloyd Michael Llewellin Esther Rogers Benjamin John Richard Rowe Thomas Moody Thomas Griffiths. Edward Laws owned 1167 acres in parts of the whole parish, non resident. Tenants Mrs Mary Davies Isaac Eynon Elizabeth Griffiths John Griffiths Elizabeth Hooke George Knight William Morris William Ormond Mary Palmer John Priest Henry Phillips John Phillips Thomas Roberts Thomas Rowe John Rowe John Prickett James Stratton John Sinnett John Thomas William Morris William Lewis John Hensleigh Allen owned 819 acres mainly located at Cresswell and  Llandigwynett, resident Tenants Martha Arthur George Bowen John Codd Thomas Davies Thomas Evans Mrs Anne Ormond Thomas Ormond Mrs Elizabeth Palmer James Picton James Smith Richard Thomas Mrs Wilson Benjamin Davies Benjamin Hitchings James Parcil John Harcourt Powell owned 536 acres mainly at Carew Newton, non resident Tenants Thomas Adams Robert Brinn Thomas Griffiths Hugh Lloyd John Lewis William Morris Anne Ormond James Rees Thomas Ormond John Rowe James Teague Mrs Martha Phelps owned 227 acres around Stephen's Green, resident William Ormond owned 210 acres around Cardeeth, resident Tenant Hugh Edwards William Bowen owned 207 acres around Milton, resident Tenants Mrs Mary Davies Thomas Thomas Jeremiah Lear owned 192 acres at Poyerston, non resident Tenant George Dunn Rev F George Leach owned 190 acres at Ford, resident Tenant John Morgan George Dunn owned 175 acres at Welston, resident Mrs Lettie Llewellin owned 73 acres at Carew Newton, resident Tenant Thomas Adams George Llewellin owned 72 acres at Williamston, resident Tenants Willaim Lewis John Phillips Thomas Griffiths Lord Bishop Of St Davids owned the rectorial glebe and parsonage, non resident. Tenant Jane Francis Rev William Paynter Evans owned 8 acres at Milton , non resident Tenant William Rogers Rev Gustavus L Hamilton ( vicar) owned 6 acres (glebe), resident . [Basil Hughes]

Castlemartin For more information about Castlemartin parish, see Genuki Can anyone trace there ancestry back to these tenants? 1324 December 6 Mary, the widow of Aymer de Valence as assigned , as dower, on December 6th 1324, the manor of St Florence and part of the manor of Castlemartin The Manor of St Florence, which was assigned to her in the king's chancery in which there are: a capital messuage, worth 12d yearly; 1 carucate,3 bovates and 4 acres of land, worth altogether 60s yearly; 30 acres several pasture, worth per acre 4d yearly; 4 acres marshland (marisci) worth 8d per acre yearly; a water mill worth 26s 8d yearly; a certain park, the yearly profit of which is nothing beyond the keep of the wild stock (ferar') a customary rent of assize of £ 28 yearly in equal sums at Easter and Michaelmas; the rent of the cottagers there 6s 8d yearly, payable as above; the pleas and the perquisites of the courts there worth 5s yearly. Sum £ 33 14s The Manor of Castle Martin as follows ; a moiety of the capital messuage, to wit, a moiety of the grange on the south with a certain adjacent plot for the "Daeria integra", and a moiety of the oxhouse ( Boverie ) in the east, the easements of which are valued at 6d yearly; also 1 carucate of land extended at 40s yearly, 5a of meadow 5s, 100a pasture 16s 8d, 33 1/3a. of marsh land 3s 4d the rents and services of ; John de Luny, John Fitz Henry Dawe, David Meyler and Joan his wife, free tenants 34s 7d the rents and services of ; David Swayn, Alice Bede, Henry Milot, Richard de Cruce, Henry Moriz, Richard Moriz, Robert Moriz, David Moriz, Rose Ermegard, John Goldeburgh, John Heylyn, John Robert Thomas Richard, Philip Haye, Rees Thomas, Hugh Joyl, Philip Rys, William le Yunge, Philip le Yunge, Res Penkaron, William Rou, Philip Rou, John Knethill, Elen Gilbert, Ade de Leffery, William de Landfey, Walter Seys, John de Hibernia, John de la Haye, Matilda Prikker, Mable Prikker, John le Prikker, John son of Philip Rys, John Rys, Richard Philip Joye and Mable his wife, John Griffith, Henry Milot, Ade de Slade, Richard Adam, John Lewlyn, Ralph le Machon, David Eynon, John Ffiret, junior, John Blethery, Alice Warynot, John Kayoc, John Kedyvor, John Streyt, John Bolour, Robert textor, Mable le gras, Robert Rys(?), Robert le Longe, Philip de la More, elen, dau. of Philip Brounyng, Suetilde of Castle Martin, Henery Hobbekyn, and Walter Lide; bond tenants which are extended at £ 33 9s 11d yearly. And the perquisites of the courts for the said tenants free and bond at 30s yearly. Sum Total of the Assignment of the said Mary's dower in the manor of Castle Martin £ 40 [Basil Hughes]

Cosheston For more information about Cosheston parish, see Genuki 1847 Report on the State of Education in Wales PARISH OF COSHESTON,-on the 18th of December I Visited the above parish. The only School at that time in it was a dame-school in Cosheston village. This school has been closed for the week previous on account of the severe weather. It was held in a room, part of a dwelling house. The furniture consisted of two square tables,which (the mistress told me) were exchanged when the scholars were in attendance, for benches, and four chairs. There was a bed in the room, which took up a great part of it. There had been another school in the parish at a place called Lawrenny Ferry, but it had been discontinued for a week; previous to the time of my visit. The master of this latter school was not considered to be in his right mind. Indeed, from what I saw of him, and the conversation I had with him, I should say that he was certainly very strange. He told me that his scholars had all deserted him lately and that he was looking out for a situation ; what he would like to have was a situation as private tutor in a gentleman's family. He would be satisfied with 6s. per week and his board and lodgings. He said he could teach grammar in right well; and when I asked him what he taught beside, the answer was " oh, I teaches Latin, plane and spherical trigonometry, navigation and the Lunars." There was one Dissenting chapel, but no Sunday-school held in it. The average of wages for labourers in this parish was 9s. per week on their own finding Such children as went to any school went to Pater, DAVID LEWIS. I was favoured with the following letter by M. A. Roche, Esq-, which contains many remarks of great practical value:- Pashiston, Pembroke, January 5, 1847 Sir I am sorry not to have seen your Assistant when he visited this parish, I should like to have had with him some conversation. I must, therefore, take the liberty of troubling you with this letter. Ten years ago, when my father came to reside in this Parish, where he possesses an estate - and is the only resident landowner, I was anxious to get establish, at least, a Sunday-school; which was effected by the co-operation of others and of the family of the Rev. Mr. Holcombe the late rector. The population of this parish is under 600 souls; we average between 40 and 50 children between the ages of 5 and 16 years, principally between the ages of 7 and 14 years, at the school; the whole number of children between 5 and 16 years of age, in the parish being I should guess, about 70 or 80. The teachers at present are the Rev. Mr. Bowling the rector, Mrs. Bowling, another lady, and myself, besides a paid schoolmaster. The fortune of the school has continued almost the same, though with a little variation. At first it was a novelty, then it was treated with indifference, but now I fancy in some instances I perceive the indifference wearing off.  But still the parents seem to consider education-or, I should rather say, the mere prelude to education, such as reading and writing are-rather as as an accomplishment, as a rich person would regard German or Italian, than as a necessary thing so that very little excuse is sufficient for their negligence in not sending their children and a very little affront sufficient for their withdrawing them. On one or two occasions, one has had to exert all one's influence and management to keep the affair together. The parents however are always very particular in sending their children neat and clean and want of shoes and clothes is the most fertile cause of occasional absense . I need scarcely say, that during a couple of hours once a-week it is impossible to impart more than the merest pittance of knowledge. I have myself been most anxious to get my Pupils to understand what they read and learn, and for that Purpose I have discarded all explanatory books, and use only the Bible and the Church Catechism, for I have never yet seen an explanatory book that, for such as Sunday-school children, did not require more explanation than what it professed to explain; and the consequence is, that the children learn by rote the explanation as well as the thing to be explained. Indeed, I have sometimes found that a viva voca explanation has been remembered by rote; and though the difficulty of making them understand is certainly not insuperable, yet it is much greater than any one would suppose that had not had some years' experience in it, in fact, I am sure that this great difficulty forms a very great characteristic difference between the schools of the poor and of the rich. I have found much advantage in giving questions in writings to be answered in writings taking care that they shall be different for each child. I also have lately made some of them learn Watts's Hymns, which they do with great pleasure , we do not teach writing Besides our school, there is another Sunday School attached to a Dissenting chapel; it is not, I understand, largely attended, and was, I believe, set up for the convenience of a few residents, about it, which is at the end of the parish. For I am most happy to say. we are free from almost all, if not altogether all, religious animosity; we are not yet sufficiently en-lightened for that. Some few parents have managed to get their children taught to write and there has been generally some day-school in the parish. At present there happen to be two, but the worst that I ever recollect. These schools are undertaken by persons for their livelihoods or to assist it by such scanty earnings. And this is a point which cannot be too much insisted on-the incapacity of the schoolmasters or schoolmistresses in this neighbourhood. Nothing will ever be effected until a complete change is made in these, but that will require far greater funds A teacher never thinks of explaining anything; and though children are sometime taught to read; yet they learn with so much carelessness that it is often on Sundays my chief employ-ment to get my pupils out of the slovenly habits of pronounciation, omitting in reading all the little words, &c., acquired during the week. I scarcely know whether our school is worth the trouble that I have imposed on you in read-ing this long letter; but so far as such a trifling institution can extend it has not been without benefit, were it only that by the attention of one of the lady-teachers some children have, by going there only, been taught to read very well, and I was anxious to attempt to afford you some notion of a little Welsh Sunday-school in an agricultural district, and the disposition entertained by the inhabitants towards being instructed, I have, &c. M. A. ROCHE. [Basil Hughes]

Gumfreston For more information about Gumfreston parish, see Genuki State of Education in Wales 1847 PARISH OF GUMFRESTON.-The Rev. G. N. Smith, Rector, informed me that there  are only three farm-houses and twelve cottages in this Parish. He had erected  a school-room adjoining the churchyard, in 1836, at his own expense, which  cost him £26. A schoolmaster cannot be supported here by the scholars' fees. Some from the parish go to the day-schools at Redberth and Tenby; and several  from the outskirts of Tenby attend the Sunday-school in this parish. From 100 to 200 have learnt to read the Scriptures well here during the last ten years. Farm-servants do not attend the Sunday-school. There are many of this class utterly without secular or religious knowledge. Farmers can read and write; but there was only one in the parish that could do that well.  Labourers are lamentably ignorant. Wages are professed to be 8s. a-week; but they get only 4s. or 4s. 6d. in money; the rest in kind, such as cottages and the run of a cow. In harvest-time they get their food too; but they work so early and so late, that, taking the number of hours into consideration, they are but little better paid than in winter. Farm-servants on an average get £6., and female servants from 50s. to £3. per year. The people are not drunken, and upon the whole are moral and steady. Was MORRIS, Assistant. December 29th, 1846. Population 1563 number of households 19 1670 numbers on of hearth tax records 23 1801 number of families 24 [Basil Hughes]

Hodgeston For more information about Hodgeston parish, see Genuki 1407 February Guy, Bishop of St David's etc., to John, prior of the priory of St. Thomas the Martyr, Haverford, greeting, etc. Order, - Although all and singular who hinder or disturb, cause others to hinder or disturb, or ratify these things done in their name, any persons whatsoever holding ecclesiastical benefices and any one of them from being able to dispose freely in respect of such their benefices of the tithes, profits, rents, fruits and oblations of the same, or who lightly withdraw, carry away or take away, cause or procure to be withdrawn, carried away or taken away, tithes, fruits, rents, profits and oblations, beyond and contrary to the will of rectors and vicars and other ecclesiastics, or ratify such withdrawal, carrying away and taking away, done in their name, are in the constitutions of the holy father, in the condemnation of the sentenced the greater excommunication, nevertheless some sons of iniquity, satellites of Satans unmindful of their own salvation, have hindered and disturbed and still disturb Master John Cole, rector or warden of the free chapel of Ogiston, from being able to dispose freely in respect of his said chapel of the tithes, profits, fruits, rents and oblations of the same free chapel, as of right he should, and have ratified and still ratify such impediment and disturbance done in their name; and such his tithes, fruits, rents, profits and oblations, beyond and against his will, they have withdrawn, carried and taken away, caused or procured to be withdrawn, carried and taken away, and have ratified the withdrawal, carrying and taking away, done in their name, and still illegally detain such tithes etc. withdrawn, carried away and taken away, incurring the condemnation of the said sentence of the greater excommunication under which they still remain to the grave peril of the souls of themselves and of others Willing to have dealings with the same, and the great prejudice of the said Master John and his chapel aforesaid. Wherefore we commit unto [and] firmly enjoining in virtue of obedience and under pain of the greater excommunication command you that you solemnly pronounce in your churches during the solemnisation of mass when the number of people present is largest, with ringing of bells, with the cross Uplifted, with candles lighted and thrown to the ground for their Condemnation, and the other solemnity usual in such denunciation, you denounce all and singular such malefactors as having been so excommunicated generally, and as being excommunicated, not ceasing from such denunciation until you have other mandate from us. Dated on the day and in the year and place above said. And like mandates went out to the rector and the vicar of Carrew; the rector and the vicar of Manerbeere; and the rector of St. Giles; and to all curates of the same deaneries. [Basil Hughes]

Llamphey For more information about Lamphey parish, see Genuki Extract from the Black Book of St David's 1326 Lantefey Profits David King, John Kyft, Cadogy Gogh, David Swetemon, Thomas Fort, Peter de la Lake, Ralph le Porter, John le Webbe, David Llewelyn, David Robert, David  Fort and Robert le Hayward, the jurors, ...................... Free Tenants They also present that Wyot de Lawrenny holds by deed from the Lord in capite  half a carucate of land and pays yearly in equal portions at Easter and Michaelmas 2s., and the Lord has wardship and relief when it occurs. Item, .....the heirs of Richard de Stakepol hold one carucate of land adjoining  the court of Lantefey for which they do suit of Court three times at Lawhaden. Item , .....William Harald holds 2 carucates of land at Woveran and pays in every  third year on the Kalends of May 2s., or 2 sheep at the option of the Lord  and does suit of Court at Lawhaden from 15 days to 15 days  Total 4s Sanctuary They also present that Thomas Walter de Porthllu  holds one bovate of land from the Sanctuary and pays yearly at Easter and Michaelmas 6s Item, ......Isaute le Proute holds one bovate of land, and pays yearly at the aforesaid times 6s. Also David Mayo holds one plot with the curtilage and one bovate of land and pays yearly at the same times 6s 8d. Item ......Richard Swetemon holds a plot and curtilage with a bovate of land, and pays yearly at the same times 6s 8d. Item, ......John Russell holds one plot and a curtilage, with 2 bovates and 1 1/2 acres of land , and pays yearly at the same times 17d Item, .......David Fort holds 1 plot and curtilage with 8 acres of land,  and pays yearly at the same times 4s 8d Item, .....Thomas Gwyn holds 4 acres of land and pays yearly at the same times 2s Item , ......Johanna Page holds 1/2 bovate of land, and pays yearly at the same times 3s Item , ...........John Cole holds 1 plot and curtilage with 1/2 bovate of land and pays yearly at the same times 3s 8d Item, ..........Wyot de Laurenny holds 1 plot and curtilage with a bovate of land and pays yearly at the same times 6s 8d. Item, .......Walter Thomas holds 6 acres of land  and pays yearly at the same times 3s Item , ........Robert Swetemon holds 6 acres of land  and pays yearly at the same times 3s Item , ......Elena Row holds 1/2 bovate of land,  and pays yearly at the same times 3s Item, ....... John le Proute holds 1/2 a bovate of land  and pays yearly at the same times 3s. Item , .........Philip Henry holds 1 plot and curtilage with 8 acres of land, and pays yearly at the same times 7s 8d Item, ....... Master Gregory the Chaplain holds 2 acres of land  and pays yearly at the same times 12d Item , ..........David Fenil holds 1plot and a curtilage, and pays yearly at the same times 12d Item, ........ Roys Swynnog holds 1 curtilage,  and pays yearly at the same time 4d Farmers at Porthellan They also present that Johanna Kyft holds one bovate and pays yearly at Easter and Michaelmas 21d Item , Johanna Page holds a bovate of land and pays yearly at the same times 21d Item, ...... John Wallens holds 2 acres without services, and one bovate of land with services, and pays yearly at the same times 2s 5d Item, Peter de la Lake holds one and a half bovates and four acres of land without services and one bovate with services,  and pays yearly at the same times 9s 1d Item , ........Henry Kyft holds one bovate with services and one bovate without services and pays yearly at the same times 5s 9d Item , .......David Kyng holds one and a half bovates without services and pays yearly  at the same times 9s 9d Item, ...... Alice , widow of David Iowan holds one bovate of land with services, and pays yearly at the same times 2s 5d Item, ........John le Proute holds half a bovate of land without services and a bovate with services, and pays yearly at the same times 3s 9d Item, ..... Elena Eynon holds 1 acre of land without services and one plot and a curtilage with services, and pays yearly at the same times 16d Item , ......David Iewan holds 4 acres without services and i bovate of land with services and pays yearly at the same times 4s Item, John Cras holds one and a half bovates of land without services and one bovate with services, and pays yearly at the same times 9s 9d Item, ........Isabella Huet holds 1 bovate of land with services and pays yearly at  the same times 21d Item, ......... Res Wiston holds 1 acre of land with services, and pays yearly at the same times 7d Item, ........ Thomas Fort holds 1 acre of land without services and one bovate of land with services and pays yearly at the same times 2s 1d Item, ....... Thomas Whiting holds 6 acres of land without services and 1 bovate of land with services and pays yearly at the same times 3s 9d Item, .....David Robert holds 2 acres without services and i bovate of land with services, and pays yearly at the same times  2s 7d Item, .......David Fort holds 1 bovate of land without services and one bovate of land with services, and pays yearly at the same times 5s 9d Farmers of Lantefey Item, .....they present that John Merlyng holds one plot and 1 curtilage with one bovate of land with services, and pays yearly at Easter and Michaelmas 2s Item, ........ John Stedemon holds 1 bovate of land and pays yearly at the same times 14d Item, ...... Richard Page holds 1 bovate of land and pays yearly at the same times 12d Item, ......... Maiota la White holds 1 plot and curtilage with 1 bovate of land and pays yearly at the same times 12d Item, ........... William Swetemon holds 1 bovate and 4 acres of land without services and 1 bovate of land with services, and holds by deed, and pays yearly at the same times 5s 10d Item , ..........Amabella la Ferour holds three acres without services, and 1 bovate of land by deed with services, and pays yearly at the same times 2s 6d Item, ........ Sara la White holds 1 bovatre of land without services and 1 bovate of  land with services and pays yearly at the same times 7s 6d. Item , ...........David Swetemon holds 1 plot and 1 curtilage with 1 bovate of land with services and pays yearly at the same times 12d Item, .......... Johanna, the widow of Philip Henry, holds a plot and curtilage with 1 bovate of land with services, and pays yearly at the same times 12d Item, ......... David Moris holds 1 plot and 1 curtilage, with 1 bovate of land with services and pays yearly at the same times 12d Item , ............Thomas Res holds 1 plot and curtilage, with 1 bovate of land with services, and pays yearly at the same times  18d Item, .......... David Russell holds 1 plot and curtilage with 1/2 bovate of land with services and pays yearly at the same times 6d Item, ......... Thomas Page holds 1 1/2 acres of land without services and pays yearly at the same time 18d Item, ......... Amabilla Swetemon holds 1 plot and curtilage with 1 bovate of land , and pays yearly at the same time 13d Item, ........... John Miller holds 1 plot with a bovate of land, and pays yearly at the same times 12d Item , .........Cadogy Gouth holds 1 croft, 1 plot, and curtilage, with one bovate of land with services, and pays yearly at the same times 4s [Basil Hughes--who has reduced the above considerably to concentrate on names]

Manorbier For more information about Manorbier parish, see Genuki Some snippets 1762 ........a yeoman from Manorbier parish appeared before the Great Sessions of  Pembrokeshire for stealing from the sloop "Two Partners" wrecked in Lydstep  bay , the property of Llewelin Evan , mariner , of Newport parish. 1804 April ..........47 ankers of Brandy were seized at Manorbier by the Tide-surveyor of Tenby and his crew. 1811 July ...........Rev Sir Thomas Gery Cullum Bart in his diary, records -- " of late years the Castle ( of Manorbier) has been appropriated to smuggling, on a most daring scale. The person concerned having hired the castle of the farmer, and having built a house contiguous , used to fill the subterranean appartments and towers with spirits. A number of casks were soon discovered floating in the reservoir. At last, after several seizures, this illicit trade was put a stop to by Lord Cawdor, who was nearly killed in the attempt." [Basil Hughes 1 Oct 2000 D]

Pembroke For more information about Pembroke parish, see Genuki Pembroke Education 1847 -- Two schools BOROUGH OF PEMBROKE. Union Workhouse School .---I visited this school on the l6th of December. The master had at one time been a soldier, and his whole regime and phraseology  were of a military character. I was introduced to the school by Captain  Leach, the Vice-Chairman of the Board. As soon as the schoolmaster had been apprised of our object he tolled a great bell, and when the summons had been answered by the appearance of a boy or two in the yard, called out lustily, "Come, turn out there-fall in." This was very readily done. To the right-face-march. Each boy in passing gave a military salute. One of the file  had neither shoe nor stocking; scarcely any of them had stockings. There was a deep snow on the ground thawing at the time.The schoolroom is well lighted and ventilated, boarded, and in excellent repair. Everything about it was very neat and clean. Along one side was a line of desks, and opposite to them a stove with a good fire of culm. By the door there was a cupboard for books on the left hand and a small square table for the master on the right. he appeared a very respectable old man, kind and intelligent, with a good-natured sharpness of manner, such as children would soon understand and be kept alert by, without being cowed or frightened. He gave the order, "Fall in with your Testaments." I heard 19 children read to him the l4th chapter of St. Matthew. He paid great attention to them and corrected any mistakes made, except desert for desert, which he did not notice. He then put questions, He spoke clearly and distinctly. The children for the most part answered. The master then gave the children a word apiece to spell from the passage read; most of them spelt correctly.... A boy pointed out to me the river Jordan, Jerusalem, and the Dead Sea (after a little puzzling) on the map of Palestine, which hung upon the walls. The master then took the boys and gave them a lesson in arithmetic. They wrote down correctly in figures from his dictation three thousand four hundred and twenty-five, they added, rapidly and correctly. His best pupil then worked   £ 61 14s. 2d. x 34 in a very clear and steady manner without making a mistake, under my inspection. Only 3 of the 19 children in the first class had been in any other day-school. The matron instructs the girls in sewing. I heard from Captain Leach that the old master takes great delight in drilling his boys, and that they are tolerably expert in manoeuvring. At the time of my visit the snow had choked up the boys' yard, and so spoilt his parade-ground. The effects of discipline appear to have been good both on master and pupils. I was much pleased with the school. Mr. William Abram's School: This school is kept in a room of the master's dwelling house, which is in tolerably good repair, except parts of the floor and walls. It contained 9 benches and 1 table, with some of the arithmetical tables of the Infant School Society hanging on the walls. They are in verse, and are sung occasionally by the scholars. The master was in school himself until he was 9 years of age, and learnt spelling and reading well. At this time he was afflicted with a fever which derived him totally of the use of his eyes. Shortly afterwards he learnt the trade of weaving sedge-mats, by which trade, and by playing musical instruments at weddings and in public-houses, he got his livelihood. About 10 years ago some benevolent gentlemen bought for him the Elementary Book for the Blind, Literacy for the Blind, the Psalms, and the Four Gospels (all published in Glasgow). He soon learnt to read by the embossed characters, and his neighbours recommended him to open a school, which is well attended. At first he taught the alphabet by the embossed characters to his pupils, but as soon as a sufficient number had learnt to spell and read, he made these act as monitors for the alphabet classes, and confined himself to the classes in spelling and reading. Spelling is taught simultaneously by him in this manner:- he directs one of the best scholars to give out a word, which is spelt at first by one pupil, then he and all the rest spell it together and so on with a column or page, giving the meaning of the word also after it is spelt correctly. He appears to be a shrewd man, and possesses a retentive memory. His wife assists him in school. Most of his scholars are labourers and mechanics and (a few of them) tradesmen's children. The inclement state of the weather permitted very few to attend.... The master said his object was to teach spelling and reading to his scholars, and that he does not ask them many questions on any subject. Before leaving the school the master read parts of the 7th and 8th chapters of St. John, very correctly. He could also turn to any chapter.He cannot write, and does not profess to teach anything beyond spelling and reading. ( I gave a talk and asked those present to do the sum, the answers caused much amusement) [Basil Hughes] Forged baptism entry Held at the National Library of Wales is a poster advertising a reward for information leading to the identify of the person or persons who forged an entry (viz. the baptism of JOHN son of JENKIN FERRIOR by MARY his wife on 22nd October 1766) in the Pembroke parish records with a photograph of part of the leaf tampered with. Ref: IB(?) 12439-40. [Rose 28 May 2002]

Nash For more information about Nash parish, see Genuki According to the Land Tax Records 1791 Nash Bank Lewis Rev Owen (owner) Nash Bank Thomas George (tenant) Nash Blackberry Roch Nicholas (owner) Nash Bush Park Holcombe Rev William (owner) Nash Cart House Croft Bowen Rev (owner) Nash Cart House Croft Thomas George (tenant) Nash Church Hills Holcombe Rev William (tenant) Nash Church Hills King Rev (owner) Nash Colliers Croft Gwyther Thos (tenant) Nash Colliers Croft Hicks Rev Philomon (owner) Nash Common Lays Leach Abraham (owner) Nash Common Lays Roch John (tenant) Nash Crafty Corner Leach Abraham (owner) Nash Crafty Corner Roch John (tenant) Nash East Ashwell Holcombe Rev William (owner) Nash East Croft Holcombe Rev William (tenant) Nash East Croft Lewis Rev (owner) Nash Glebe & Tythe Rees Rev John (owner) Nash Green Hill Holcombe Rev William (owner) Nash Green Hill Jarmain ? Thomas (tenant) Nash Little Croft Hicks Rev James (owner) Nash Little Croft Thomas George (tenant) Nash Lodge Gwyther Henry (tenant) Nash Lodge Hicks Hannah (owner) Nash Lower Nash Leach Abraham (owner) Nash Lower Nash Roch John (tenant) Nash Meadows Davies Mary (tenant) Nash Meadows Mears Hugh (owner) Nash Middle Farm Holcombe Rev William (owner) Nash Middle Farm Lloyd John (tenant) Nash North Park John Ansolm (tenant) Nash North Park Roch Nicholas (owner) Nash Old Park George Thomas (tenant) Nash Old Park Walters Rev (owner) Nash Petty Lands Holcombe Rev William (owner) Nash Rock Roberts Rev Nicholas (owner) Nash Rock Williams William (tenant) Nash South Pit Holcombe Rev William (owner) Nash South Pit Lewis Henry (tenant) Nash Stoops Lake Hicks Hannah (owner) Nash Stoops Lake John David (tenant) Nash Strawberry Hill Hancock Rev Thomas (owner) Nash Tanzoy Holcombe Rev William (owner) Nash Two Hills Holcombe Rev William (owner) Nash Two Mountains Holcombe Rev William (owner) Nash Upper Nash Holcombe Rev William (owner) Nash West Ashwell Hancock Rev Thomas (owner) Nash West Croft Davies Rev (owner) Nash West Croft Holcombe Rev William (tenant) Nash West Hill Barger Philip (tenant) Nash West Hill Holcombe Rev William (owner) Nash Winters Hall Evans Rev William (owner) Nash Winters Hall Gwyther Thomas (tenant) [Basil Hughes]

Pembroke Dock For more information about Pembroke, St Mary parish, see Genuki Pennar/Pembroke Dock/St Florence burials One problem I have encountered is people being buried quite a distance from  the parish in which they lived. Here are an example of one family who lived in Pennar before Pembroke Dock was thought of, and were buried at St Florence. Extracts from St Florence Church Records... 1763-1812 Jan 24 1772 Margaret Dr. of John Price Buried Feb 8th 1803 John Price from Pennar interned Aug 18th 1803 Ann Price of Pennar interned { acc/to the memorial stone on the outer west wall of St Florence Church he was 102 and she was 104 } -- {was this the longest marriage on Record 28th Nov 1804 George son of Richard Price of Pennar interned From register of 1813 - 12 Oct 1826 John Price of East Pennar Buried age 40 3 March 1833 Elizabeth Thomas of Pennar Buried age 16 13 Aug 1839 Elizabeth Thomas of Pennar Buried age 56 15 July 1839 James Price of Pennar buried age 42 13 Apr 1842 Richard Price buried age 99 12 April 1843 Elizabeth Price buried age 56 [The early burials of Pembroke Dock residents were either at St Mary's Pembroke, Monkton or from about 1818 to 1834-5 at Bethany Chapel [halted by Admiralty because of contamination of the water supply to the Dockyard.] [Basil Hughes] Question ; does anyone know whether records were kept of ships constructed in Pembroke Dock in the middle years of the 19th century? What I'd like to know is whether there's any way of finding out what ships were being constructed c. 1858-60,............ Response; This is the list for the H M Dockyard Pembroke Dock -- dates are of launch Doris, 32 Guns 25th March 1857 Melpomene, 50 guns 8 Aug 1857 Gannet, 11 guns, 20 Dec 1857 Orlando, 50 guns, screw frigate, 12 June 1858 Windsor castle, 116 guns, screw, 16 april 1859 Revenge, 90 guns, screw, 16 April 1859, Greyhound, 16 guns, screw, 15 june 1859, Immortalite, 50 guns, screw, 25 Oct 1859, Espoir, 5 guns, screw, 7 jan 1860 Howe, 121 guns, screw, 7 mar 1860, Pelican 17 guns, screw, 19th July 1860 Nimble, 5 guns, screw, 15 jSept, 1860 Pandora, 5 guns, screw, 7 Feb 1861, Defiance, 91 guns, screw, 27 mar 1861, Aurora, 50 guns, screw, 22 june 1861, Perseus, 6 guns,screw, 21 aug 1861, Shearwater, 4 guns, screw, 17 Oct 1861 There was also small shipbuilding firms dotted arround the area including one at Front St but the major employer was the Dockyard. [Basil Hughes 9 Jan 2001]

Herbrandston For more information about Herbrandston parish, see Genuki HERBRANDSTON - THE PARISH THAT WAS BLESSED People say that the Parish of Herbrandston was so lucky to see all its sons return from the First World War, but 'blessed' rather than 'lucky' would be a more appropriate word. It seemed to be not only the men who lived in the parish but anyone who worshipped in the little parish church of St. Mary the Virgin. This included Major Stokes from St. Botolph's, who was the Squire of the Parish who owned a great deal of property in it. Leonard and Cecil, the two sons of the Rector, the Rev. George Hughes, also served and returned safely, so did many village folk, and others of the flock who really belonged to the next parish of Hubberston. Of course no War Memorial needed to be erected, so instead a beautiful reredos was put in the chancel as a mark of thanksgiving. So grateful was a local man by the name of James that he pointed the whole chancel free of charge. He had intended to point the whole of the church, but unfortunately he died before he could undertake this task. When the Second World War came no one ever dreamed that this miracle could happen again but it did and once again all who had worshipped at St. Mary's returned safely. Major Stokes, now a Colonel, returned unscathed. The Rev. George Hughes had died between the two wars and so had his second son Cecil, but Leonard, now a Colonel, served again and returned safely. There is a grave of a young soldier in Herbrandston churchyard but he was killed, not in action, but by the hand of a fellow officer. After drinking at a nearby port, they had a quarrel and the older man stabbed his young friend. The murder trial caused quite a stir locally, especially when the accused was pronounced 'Not guilty'. A marble cross was put on the young officer's grave and after a very short while, a hand and a dagger appeared on the stonework. Superstitious people interpreted this as a supernatural sign of retribution and many people still visit Herbrandston churchyard just to see 'the hand'. (Taken from "I Remember, I Remember... Life in around Milford in the early 1900's by Freda James) [Rosemary May] HERBRANDSTON - THE VILLAGE FAIR Herbrandston Fair was a much loved fair, and there was great excitement when the 10th October came around. Older folk called it Harbeson Fair and that is the way the little village is spelt on very old maps. The village is only about four or five miles from Milford Haven and people thought nothing of walking that distance in those days, though there was a short cut through some fields. There was a much bigger fair on the 5th of October in Haverfordwest, known as Portfield Fair, but it was Herbrandston Fair that we enjoyed. It was originally a hiring fair, but later known as a runaway fair; often a man or a maid who had been hired in Haverfordwest was not pleased with the job concerned, and would run away to Herbrandston to be re-hired. The fun of the fair usually started in the afternoon when the music of Tommy Hill's roundabout of galloping horses would be heard. This was quite a tame affair when one compares it with the roundabouts of today, but it was not dangerous and one never heard of any tragic accidents. There was also a small roundabout for the smaller children, which was worked by turning a handle. In my mind's eve I can still see the stalls piled high with pears, ginger nuts or attractive pink and white nougat rich in nuts. There were of course the usual chip and ice cream carts, hoopla and Poor Aunt Sally. The greatest fun for the young folk, and indeed for some of the older ones, was the 'teasers'; these were large metal tubes very like a tube of toothpaste, but filled with water. Folk would squirt at each other as they passed, and the tubes would be refilled at the village pump. At night there was the sizzling sound of the naptha burners, which lit the place up before the advent of electricity. We were never allowed to stay late at the fair, but always went to the farm of a great aunt and uncle nearby for a supper of cold beef, pickles and potatoes. Every house would have plenty of food ready for that day, because relations and friends come from near and far. Indeed it might be another year before they all met again for the fun of Herbrandston Fair. (Taken from "I Remember, I Remember... Life in around Milford in the early 1900's by Freda James) [Rosemary May]

St Ishmaels For more information about St Ishmaels parish, see Genuki On the lawn at Great Hoaten Farm (now called Anchor Hoaten House), St. Ishmaels is an enormous anchor, over seventeen feet in length and with flukes measuring fourteen feet across, which is locally held to be a relic of the Spanish Armada. Another theory said it was Viking. But both theories have been proved to be wrong as it is in fact eighteenth century. It was  found on the beach at St. Bride's Haven, though no one can say how it got there, and was dragged by teams of horses to its present site. Its wood is now petrified. [Rose May 12 Jan 2001 D]

St Issells St Issells Church, Saundersfoot Here is  a list of vicars of St Issells Church at Saundersfoot from a photograph that I took early in 2000. The names are listed on a very swish board just inside the church. The names are: 1492 John Lamb 1492 John David 1534 Henry Storbow 1554 John Howell 1556 John Emlot 1559 Thomas Crane 1560 Maurice Wolcoke 1564 Rhesen Morris 1613 Griffith Johns 1625 Rice Thomas 1625 Henry Griffiths Nicholas White (no date) 1686 David Rees 1696 Thomas Nash 1721 David Lewis 1751 James Beynon 1782 Thomas Dalton 1839 James Dalton 1888 John Jones M.A. 1912 Howell Rosser B.A. 1924 E Owen Jones M.A. 1936 William j Williams B.A. 1955 Glyn Evans B.A. 1980 Michael Butler [Ray Morris 6 Feb 2001 D]

Landsker We must not forget the significance of the Landsker or dividing line between the Welsh speaking north of the county and the English speaking south. This line started in Roch and went eastwards through Camrose, Haverfordwest, Wiston and finished up in the Lampeter Velfrey/Crunwear area. Here is some information concerning language speaking gleaned from my 1891 census database of north west Pembrokeshire and concerns 5 parishes from Mathry in the north to Lambston south of the Landsker: Parish (no.)             Welsh         Both        English                               No   %         No   %      No   % Mathry (674)          524 78     110  16       40   6 St.Lawrence (180)   92 51       70   39      18   10 Hayscastle (259)   104  40     134  51       21   8 Camrose (804)       15    2      110  14     679   84 Lambston (174)       0   0         17 10      157   90 This shows, (not quite) graphically, the rapid change between the Welsh speaking north and the English speaking south. The distance between Hayscastle and Lambston is about 4 to 5 miles. Mathry is about 10 miles from Lambston. The best information on this subject is in "The Pembrokeshire Historian" No 4 of 1972 in an article by Brian S.John called "The Linguistic Significance of the Pembrokeshire Landsker" [Gerry Lewis  6 July 2001 D]

Jeffreston A useful list ..............is the Subsidy Roll for 1661 (amongst Francis Green's records - Volume 5, pages 353-381). The subsidy was essentially a tax to raise money for Charles II after the restoration of the monarchy. It gives names of those who paid the levy, by parish,  for the whole of Pembrokeshire.  Below is the list for Jeffreston parish: Rowland Woogan, Esquire 7/- John Bartlett, gent. 5/- Thomas Nash 4/- Richard Smith 2/6 William Robertts 2/- Thomas Rowe 2/- Stephen Bartlett 2/6 Henry Phees' 1/- Thomas Owens 1/- John Istance 1/- Griffith Hitching 1/- John Taskan 2/- Stephen Rogers 1/- John Priday 1/- Widd' Smith 1/- Dauid Jones 1/- William Elliott 1/- Georg Morth 1/- Thomas Prowne 1/- Thomas Reece 1/- Total 39/- [Jonathan Pike    Pem 7 Oct 2001]

Roch Pembrokeshire Gaol File 21 March, 1692. The Grand Jury present John STOAKES of the Parish of Roch, Gent, for keeping a greyhound not having an estate of £100 per annum. [Tony James  D 19 May 2002]

Slate Quarrying in Pembrokeshire There follows a series of comments/facts based on the article ; The Pembrokeshire Slate Quarrymen by Dafydd Roberts, in  Llafur [Journal of Welsh Labour History] Vol 5/1, 1988. What slate industry ? To most people "the Welsh slate industry" naturally implies north west Wales, within the former counties of Caernarfon and Merioneth. After all, in the period 1780 to date , these areas produced 80-90% of the UK's total output of roofing slate with quarries such as Penrhyn and Dinorwig producing at least 100,000 tons  of finished roofing slates annually at their peak, and employing up to 3,500 men each. However, this obscures the fact that viable slate quarrying industries existed elsewhere in Wales, and for the purpose of this exercise, in north Pembrokeshire, namely, along the north facing coast of the county, in the Preselau mountains, along the border with Carmarthenshire, and in the Cilgerran area of the lower Teifi valley. Reference can be found to the existence , at various times, of about a hundred slate quarries in Pembrokeshire, and to a labour force totalling perhaps several hundred during the second half of the C19. [Based on The Pembrokeshire Slate Quarrymen by Dafydd Roberts, in  Llafur [Journal of Welsh Labour History] Vol 5/1, 1988. Gareth, 19 Jan 2001 D/P] The evidence for a north west Wales link The port facilities at Porth-gain, between Fishguard and St Davids were constructed initially to deal with exports of slate  from that area. The Maenclochog Railway, constructed in the southern foothills of the Preseli mountains was for the purpose of carrying away slates from the Rosebush quarry. However, most of the quarries were little more than scratchings on the surface of the land and worked only for a few months at a time when demand was high. Neither did the villages which depended, to varying degrees, on quarrying, really ever begin to compare with their counterparts in north west Wales. Porth-gain, Cilgerran and Rosebush were small by comparison with northern villages such as Rhosgadfan, Penmachno, or Aberllefenni. Whilst the slate industry in Pembrokeshire must have had some significance locally , evidence in the shape of formal archive sources is slim. Pem Archives holds very little such material, neither does the NLW. Snippets of information can be gleaned from local newspapers, notably the quaintly named Dewsland and Kemes Guardian, and from port books. The Museum of Welsh Life has an useful collection of taped interviews with former Pembrokeshire slate quarrymen.It also has documents containing extracts of correspondence, written in 1894, between John G.Roberts of Blaenau Ffestiniog, and his brother in Pembrokeshire. Apart from family matters, these letters embrace a slate quarry operated by the brother ; a letter of commendation relating to the Trwynllwyd quarry, prepared by a Robert Richards ; a memo regarding a quarry in Scotland ; again addressed to Robert Richards; a memo from a Haverfordwest slate merchant about slates produced by Robert Richards ; and finally, a price list relating to the Cilgwyn slate quarry Caernarfon. It was this apparent link to north west Wales which  became the author's eventual main pre-occupation, and his findings which form the basis for this article. [Based on The Pembrokeshire Slate Quarrymen by Dafydd Roberts, in  Llafur [Journal of Welsh Labour History] Vol 5/1, 1988. Gareth, 19 Jan 2001 D/P] Llanrhian parish Richards wrote from an address at Cwm-yr-eglwys, Dinas Cross, near Fishguard, and delivered his opinions regarding the Trwynllwyd slate quarry, some miles south and west, near the village of Llanrhian. The letters between John Roberts and his brother  [somewhere in Pembrokeshire] seem to suggest that the quarry being discussed was on the north western coast of the county. The quality of the slates was discussed and it should be noted that Pembrokeshire slate, because of its geological nature, is rather inferior to the older, harder, slate of north Wales. Inspection of the Enumerator's Schedules for the parish of Llanrhian, which contains the slate quarries of Trwynllwyd, Abereiddi and Porthgain reveals that there were a number of families and individuals from north Wales living within the parish and probably working at the quarries. The word probably is used because the occupations of the persons enumerated are a little confused being variously described as ; Slate Quarrymen ; Slate Quarry Man ; Labourer ; Slater ; Quarryboy ; or Slate Cutter. Censuses in north Wales show a definite 'Slate Quarryman' description without fail. In Llanrhian a 'Slater' may of course have been someone who put slates on roofs. The census of 1841 shows people  in Llanrhian parish who were born outside the parish, one example  of someone probably working at the quarry is ; At Trefin ; Evan Jones, aged 30, and his wife Mary, aged 30, with children Elizabeth 10, John 4, Evan 2 months. Mary and the children were natives of PEM but Evan was not. Was Evan perhaps one of the first persons from north Wales to work at the local quarries ? In 1841, only 7 'Slaters' and a 'Superintendent' worked at the Llanrhian quarries, but this was a time of rapid development  with a soaring demand for roofing slates.. By 1851 the following occupations were recorded ; Mineral Agent - 1 Quarryman/Slate Quarryman - 30 ; chiefly at Abereiddi Slater - 15 Tipper - 3 Miner - 2 Railway labourer - 5 Stone cutter - 1 Pump maker - 1 Horsekeeper - 1 Clerk - 1 [Based on The Pembrokeshire Slate Quarrymen by Dafydd Roberts, in  Llafur [Journal of Welsh Labour History] Vol 5/1, 1988. Gareth, 20 Jan 2001 D/P] Llanrhian - 1851 census examples of the north Wales link The 1851 return shows that there were many families and individuals living within the parish whose roots were in north Wales. Some , like Samuel Hughes, living at Abereiddi, aged 25 and born in Anglesey, had obviously arrived as single men and then married local women, and had all their children born locally. There was William Hughes, probably a brother to Samuel, also at Abereiddi, aged18, born in Llanrug, Caernarfonshire. With the Hughes family lodged 16 year old Henry Roberts born in the parish of Llanddeiniolen, Caernarfonshire[CAE], and already a slate quarryman. Some brought their families, William Hughes, labourer, aged 51, born in Llanddeiniol parish Anglesey, had brought his wife and two children with him ; Elinor Hughes, her daughter Elinor 10; son Richard 8; were all natives of Bethesda, CAE, and one wonders why this family left such a booming town in the 1840s. Some families showed complex preceding moves ; William Jones at Abereiddi was a slate quarryman born at Portsmouth, his wife and four of their children were natives of Llanllechid parish, CAE , but their eldest son William was born in Llanwrin parish , Montgomeryshire. Morris Jones, at Trefin, quarryman, was a native of Llandwrog, CAE, and he had brought with him his wife Jane and their five children, one born in CAE, three somewhere in Ireland, and the last at Trefin. The final group from north Wales consisted of those who had no obvious family links locally , but who chose to lodge with a family in the vicinity of the quarries. In Trefin lodged Hugh Grey Williams, 'Slater', aged 28, a native of CAE, and a young man aged 23, Price Roberts, again from CAE, whose career and life can be followed in Llanrhian for at least  the next 40 years. [Based on The Pembrokeshire Slate Quarrymen by Dafydd Roberts, in  Llafur [Journal of Welsh Labour History] Vol 5/1, 1988. Gareth, 20 Jan 2001 D/P] 1861/71 By 1861 the slate industry was in decline in this locality, and the census records far fewer quarrymen and slate workers. There is at least one "Slater's wife" recorded  as head, implying that her husband had moved away looking for work. Not all the sons were now tempted by the slate industry ; Robert Roberts , aged 18, son of Henry Roberts of Trevacoon, was shown as a "Mariner", not surprising in a part of Wales where a connection with the sea had always been important in people's lives. By 1871 the number of Llanrhian quarrymen recorded as having some connection with north Wales had further dwindled, the industry in north Wales was in good heart so perhaps some were tempted to return there. Two families were doing well enough out of the local slate industry, namely ; William Pritchard , of Cwmwdig Water, a native of Beddgelert, CAE, a "Slate Quarry Agent" ; and Thomas Williams, of Norma Terrace[?], a native of Bangor, CAE, and a "Slate Quarry Manager". [Based on The Pembrokeshire Slate Quarrymen by Dafydd Roberts, in  Llafur [Journal of Welsh Labour History] Vol 5/1, 1988. Gareth, 24 Jan 2001 D/P] Difficult times The late 1870s were to prove a difficult time for the slate industry in Wales as a whole, and there followed in the early 1880s significant emigration from north Wales, especially, to the slate belt of the USA. But the 1881 census shows that there were still significant numbers of north Welsh quarrymen living and working in Llanrhian parish. Some of the names are by now familiar, having appeared in the 1861/71 censuses.Almost all had now married local women  and seen their children born and  brought up in Pembrokeshire. Significantly too, there were no longer unmarried young men from north Wales living in the parish and lodging with local families. Llanrhian was obviously no longer a focus or attraction for these. The area though had proved an attraction for the Rev Richard Rowlands, aged 32, born CAE, along with his wife Laura, a native of Llanberis, CAE, but who now lived in Park Court, Tre-fin. Price Roberts and family Price Roberts, "Slater" from CAE, was noted in the 1851 census, an unmarried lodger in Tre-fin village. From the census and parish registers his subsequent life can be portrayed. He succeeded in attracting the attention of a young local woman, Lettice Thomas, of Tre-fin, who on 3 Nov 1853, whilst they were still unmarried, bore him a son, William. Price must have acknowledged his obligations even at this point though as Jacob Hughes, vicar of the parish, broke his usual practice in the case of bastard children, namely entering either a christian name only, or coupling the child's name with its mother's surname, by entering Lettice's child as William Roberts. The couple must have soon married and by Oct 1855 had another son, John. The 1861 census shows no further children, the two sons shown as "scholars", with the family living with John Thomas, Lettice's father, a widower who farmed 6 acres of land near Tre-fin. By 1871, although John Thomas was still alive,  his place as "head" was taken by Price Roberts . William and John no longer appeared on the census suggesting they had moved away for work, but the family had a young daughter, Martha, aged 1 year. Martha Roberts, aged 11, and her sister Margaret, aged 6, appear on the 1881 census too. By this time their father is a "Stone Quarry Manager" and their rising status is reflected by the fact that they now employ Anne Harries, a local girl, as a maid servant. No further records were available for the family. [Based on The Pembrokeshire Slate Quarrymen by Dafydd Roberts, in  Llafur [Journal of Welsh Labour History] Vol 5/1, 1988. Gareth, 24 Jan 2001 D/P] Competition, industrial unrest and the end of an era Links between north-west and south-west Wales, even in the C19 , were by no means as tenuous as some commentators would like to suppose. Those who earned their living on the sailing vessels which traded at the creeks and harbours of Cardigan Bay were quite familiar with the slate ports of north-west Wales, the coal exporting harbours of Pembrokeshire, and the herring fleets of Aber-porth and Nefyn. But to find men from north-west Wales settling in Pembrokeshire is another matter, and one wonders what their linguistic, religious or political impact might have been. Precious little evidence is available to permit a discussion on this although one theme may be looked at, namely that of industrial unrest in the Llanrhian district quarries. It should be remembered that the North Wales Quarrymen's Union was in existence from 1874 and well established in Gwynedd by the late 1870s. Consequently it can be supposed that these men from north Wales might have brought with them at least a smattering of interest in Union matters since the only known instances of quarrymen protesting against owners in the coastal belt quarries of Pembrokeshire took place in Llanrhian. Discontent surfaced at Tre-fin in January 1878, monthly wages had not been paid at the three nearby quarries in the previous two months and the men, not unreasonably, became worried. Local shopkeepers complained at the amount of money owed to them by quarrymen's families. The quarrymen had a meeting in that January and resolved to cease work until arrears of wages were paid. The quarries remained at a standstill for several weeks, attempts at reconciliation continued, a few men were persuaded to return to work.  John Fraser, manager, of the St Brides Quarries proved particularly "unhelpful" in his responses. There was much distress in the area, some men moved elsewhere for work, more returned to work. But in March 1879 the men were  suddenly locked out by the owners and dismissed without explanation. Somehow matters were resolved  in late March when  the men were paid one of the four months oustanding wages. The problems which led to the suspension of the men at the Trwyn-llwyd, Abereiddi and Porthgain quarries were the same as those that sent so many men from the Gwynedd quarries across the Atlantic to seek employment in the quarries in the USA, namely the sudden drop in demand for Welsh roofing-slates. By the early C20, most Pembrokeshire quarries had closed, after giving up against the intense competition from Gwynedd quarries. Meanwhile, the local labour force, with some northern families amongst them, were forced to look elsewhere for work, as their industry became little more than a folk memory in the quiet villages of south-west Wales. [Based on The Pembrokeshire Slate Quarrymen by Dafydd Roberts, in  Llafur [Journal of Welsh Labour History] Vol 5/1, 1988. Gareth, 28 Jan 2001 D/P]

Censuses, 1841/51, Enumeration Districts For both the 1841 and 1851 Census the heading names for each  Dyfed FHS index fiche are the district names. They are not quite the same as those within the hundreds which are used for the headings of the Baptisms, Marriages and Burials fiche. 1841 I list below the parishes covered under each Census district. On each fiche are the names in alphabetical order of all those resident on the night of  6/7June 1841, with their ages, parish and reference nos to enable you to go straight to them on the original census. Note that in 1841 there is a book number as well as a folio and page. Fishguard Enumeration District - Parishes included Ambleston, Castlebythe, Fishguard, Henry's Moat, Jordanston, Letterston,  Little Newcastle, Llanfairnantygof, Llanllawer, Llanstinan, Llanwnda, Llanychaer, Manorowen, Morvil, Pontfaen, Puncheston, Spittal, St. Dogwells, St.  Nicholas, Walton East Haverfordwest Enumeration District - Parishes included Boulston, Camrose, Haroldston, Haroldston West, Haverfordwest St. Martin, Haverfordwest St. Mary, Haverfordwest St. Thomas, Lambston, Nolton, Prendergast, Redbaxton, Roch, St. Issells's , Treffgarne, Uzmaston, Wiston Milford Enumeration District - Parishes included Dale, Freystrop, Hasguard, Herbrandston, Hubbertson, Johnston, Llangwm, Marloes, Robeston West, St. Brides, Steynton, St. Ishmael's, Talbenny, Walwyn's Castle, Walton West Narberth Enumeration District - Parishes included Amroth, Begelly, Bletherston, Clarbeston, Coedcanlas, Crinow, Crunwear, Grondre Hamlet, Jeffreston, Lampeter Velfrey, Llanddewi Velfrey, Llandilo, Llandissilio (West), Llangolman, Llanycefyn, Llawhaden, Llysyfran, Loveston, Ludchurch, Maenclochog, Martletwy, Minwear, Mounton, Mynachlogddu,  Narberth, New Moat, Newton, Reynoldston, Robeston Wathen, St. Issells, Slebech, Vorlan Hamlet, Williamston Hamlet, Yerbeston NB. The following Part Parish indexes have been added to the above; Llanfallteg (West), Llangan (West) Newport Enumeration District - Parishes included Bayvil, Bridell , Cilgerran, Dinas, Eglwyswrw, Llanfairnantgwyn, Llanfihangel Penbedw, Llantood, Llanychllwydog, Manordeifi, Meline, Monington, Moylegrove, Nevern, Newport, St. Dogmaels, Whitechurch Pembroke Enumeration District - Parishes included Angle, Bosherston, Burton, Carew, Castlemartin, Cosheston, Gumfreston, Hodgeston, Lamphey, Lawrenny, Llanstadwell, Manorbier, Monkton, Nash and Upton, Pembroke St. Mary's, Pembroke St. Michael's, Penally,  Pwllcrochan, Redberth, Rhoscrowther, Rosemarket, St. Florence, St. Petrox , St. Twynells, Stackpole, Tenby in Liberty, Tenby out Liberty, Warren, St. David's Enumeration District - Parishes included Brawdy, Granston, Hayscastle, Llandeloy, Llanhowel, Llanreithan, Llanrian, Mathry, St. David's, St. Edrin's, St. Elvis, St. Lawrence, Whitchurch 1851     [It differs slightly  from 1841 in some parishes] Cenarth Enumeration District - Parishes included Capel Colman, Castellan, Cilrhedyn, Clydey, Llanfrynach, Penrith Fishguard Enumeration District - Parishes included Ambleston, Castlebythe, Fishguard, Henry's Moat, Jordanston, Letterston, Little Newcastle, Llanfairnantygof, Llanllawer, Llanstinan, Llanwnda, Llanychaer, Manorowen, Morvil, Pontfane, Puncheston, Spittal, St. Dogwells, St. Nicholas, Walton East Haverfordwest Enumeration District - Parishes included Boulston, Camrose, Haroldston West, Lambston, Nolton, Roch, Rudbaxton, Treffgarne, Wiston The following parishes are available as a complete transcript on the separate set of fiche HO107/2478 Haverfordwest and are not included in this index Haroldston St. Issells's, Haverfordwest Furzey Park and Portfield Haverfordwest St. Thomas Haverfordwest St. Martin Prendergast Haverfordwest St. Martin Hamlet Uzmaston Haverfordwest St. Mary Narberth Enumeration District - Parishes included Amroth, Begelly, Bletherston, Castledwyran, Clarbeston, Coedcanlas, Crinow, Crunwear, Cyffig, Eglwyscummin, Egremont, Grondre Hamlet, Henllan Amgoed, Jeffreston, Lampeter Velfrey, Llanddewi Velfrey, Llandilo, Llandissilio, Llangan, Llangan Hamlet, Llangolman, Llanycefyn, Llawhaden, Llysyfran, Loveston, Ludchurch, Maenclochog, Marros, Martletwy, Mounton, Minwear, Mynachlogddu, Narberth, New Moat, Newton , Pendine, Reynoldston, Robeston Wathen, Slebech, St. Issells, Vorlan Hamlet, Williamston Hamlet, Yerbeston Newport Enumeration District - Parishes included Bayvil, Bridell, Cilgerran, Dinas, Eglwyswrw, Llanfairnantgwyn, Llanfihangel Penbedw, Llantood, Llantood, Llanychllwydog, Manordivy, Meline,  Monington, Moylegrove, Nevern, Newport, St. Dogmaels, Whitechurch Pembroke Enumeration District - Parishes included Angle, Bosherston, Burton, Caldy Island, Carew, Castlemartin, Cosheston, Gumfreston, Hodgeston, Lamphey, Lawrenny, Llanstadwell, Manorbier, Monkton, Nash and Upton, Penally, Pembroke St. Mary's, Pembroke St. Michael's, Pwllcrochan, Redberth, Rhoscrowther, Rosemarket, Stackpole Elidor, St. Florence, St. Petrox, St. Twynells, Tenby in Liberty, Tenby out Liberty, Warren The following parish is available as a complete transcript on the separate set of fiche HO107/2476 Pembroke Dock ( St. Mary's) and is not included in this index St. Mary's Pembroke St. David's Enumeration District - Parishes included Brawdy, Granston, Hayscastle, Llandeloy, Llanhowell, Llanreithan, Llanrian, Mathry, St. David's. St. Edrin's, St. Elvis, St. Lawrence, Whitchurch N.B. Folio 354, Page 6, which holds schedules 16 and 17, is missing from the Census Return of Mathry parish Steynton Enumeration District - Parishes included Dale, Freystrop, Hasguard, Herbrandston, Hubbertson (inc Hakin), Johnston, Llangwm, Marloes, Robeston West, St. Brides, Steynton, St. Ishmael's, Talbenny, Walwyn's Castle, Walton West [Joy Cozens 31 Dec 2000 D]

Pembrokeshire county Man of Pembrokeshire Giraldus Cambrensis [Gerallt Gymro] [c 1147-1223] Giraldus was born at Manorbier Castle. His father, William de Barri was a Norman nobleman, his mother was Angharad, daughter of Gerald de Windsor, the Norman castellan of Pembroke and of the famous "Helen of Wales", Nest, daughter of Rhys ap Tewdwr, the last independent prince of Deheubarth. Although considerably more Norman than Welsh by blood he called himself a Welshman although he could be as arrogant as any Norman. His cousins were the Fitz-Geralds, Fitz-Stephens and Fitz-Henries[all descendents of Nest], the Lord Rhys and other Welsh princes were his kinsmen. He became a distinguished scholar , lectured in church law and theology, became the royal chaplian to Henry II, yet, his claim to appear on any list of famous Welshmen must lie more in his authorship of his famous Itinerarium Kambriae        [ Itinerary through Wales]  and Discriptio Kambriae [ Description of Wales], the first books to describe Wales, they were written in Latin. The first one is available in a Welsh translation and offers many interesting, albeit exaggerated, descriptions of how our forbears lived.He gathered the material for these writings in 1188 when he accompanied Archbishop Baldwin on his tour through Wales. His greatest ambition was to become Bishop of St David's and secure the independence of the Welsh Church from Canterbury, he went to Rome three times to plead his case,  in vain, and he declined both Bangor and Llandaff . He is considered one of the most remarkable and versatile of the great personalities of the Middle Ages, he is buried in St David's Cathedral. He was known as Gerallt Gymro. His advice to the people of Wales in the last chapter of the Description is perhaps as valid now as it was then; " If therefore they would be inseparable, they would become insuperable". [ Partly based on Famous Welshmen Welsh Dept of Board of Education, 1944. Gareth Hicks 28.4.2000 D/G] T E Nicholas One of the founders of the Communist Party in Great Britain was T E Nicholas, a Welsh speaking poet preacher from north Pembrokeshire. He trained for the ministry and ministered in various chapels in Wales. He was unpopular with many because of his strong political, pro Russian views. He and his wife learnt the craft of dentistry and practised for years in Aberystwyth but Niclas y Glais, as he was known, continued to travel to preach in various chapels. It is said he carried his dental equipment in the car with him on his Sunday preaching trips, in case a member of the congregation had a painful tooth during a painful sermon....... [ Based on "A Helping Hand "by W J Jones 1996. Gareth Hicks 15.6.2000 D]  Coal mining The windlass or jack-roll , powered by manual labour, was a device for getting men and materials in and out of shallow pits that were worked in the C17. George Owen , writing in the first decade of the C17, described how Pembrokeshire colliers ; "sink their pits down right four square about six or seven feet square and with a windlass turned by four men they draw up the coals by rope, a barrelfull at once" A typical pit might have sixteen workers , three of whom were miners hewing the coal with pickaxes, and 80 to 100 barrels a day were raised up the shaft. [Based on Collieries of Wales by the RCAHMW. Gareth Hicks 5.June 2000 D] The Pembrokeshire Collier Sanitary Condition of Pembrokeshire from State of Mines Reports by Sir Hubert Mackworth. In this county the seams of coal are thin, exceedingly contorted and uncertain, consisting for the most part of culme. For this reason the coal has been usually worked only by very shallow and temporary pits, affording occasional employment to the collier, who therefore often applies himself to agricultural and other labour. The number of hands at these pits is usually small, sometimes consisting of members of a family, of whom the women wind up and unload the coal, whilst man and boys are at work underground. The result of these circumstances is, that the Pembrokeshire collier differs but little in any respect from the agricultural labourer, and his gains but little exceed the payment for work on the surface off the ground. He is too poor to move to other localities, such as the valleys of Glamorganshire, where wages are much higher; and he has frequently a freehold or other interest in his cottage or hovel...thus keeping him tied.. From the Sir Herbert Mackworth Reports on conditions in mines. 31 January 1854  PRO POWE7/1 Mackworth's opinions may have been the exception rather than the rule. And people from Pembroke came into Glamorgan industries just as they did from other surounding counties. As an example to show how many people from Pembrokshire there were in the industrial areas the 1851 Census for Merthyr Tydfil shows that the percentages of Pembrokeshire born individuals in the following districts were as follows N. Georgetown 13.2%. Those born Glam. & Mon. 14.8% Dowlas, New South Wales 13.9%. Those born Glam. & Mon. 8.7% Pentrebach 7.0%. Those born Glam. & Mon. 14.1% [Steve Keates 2 April 2001 G] Emigration to South Africa Question; >From the latest Francis Jones book "Historic Pembrokeshire Houses...." (page 132 - Lampeter House) I have ascertained that the Rev. Edward Philipps, Rector of Lampeter Velfrey lived 1736 - 1793 and there is confirmation that "one son emigrated to South Africa". The book states that this was a brother of the Rev., but I suspect this may be wrong. Response; On a visit to "Settler Country" (Port Alfred/Grahamstown area) in South Africa about 25 years ago I noticed on a tourist/history map that 30 members of "Philipp's party" came from Pembrokeshire (the only Welsh party of 60 listed). All the party settled in the same area south of a place called Martindale, about 20/25 kilometres north of Port Alfred. I visited the 1820 Settlers Monument complex and was shown a book containing an alphabetical list of the 1820 settlers. I didn't have much time as far as I can remember, so by looking just for Welsh names I was able to identify 27 of the 30 members of "Philipps's party" who emigrated to Cape Province in the sailing ship "Kennersley Castle". They were as follows: Leader Thomas Philipps aged 44, a banker son of the Reverend Edward Phillipps of Lampeter Velfrey, his wife Charlotte (nee Arboin) aged 43 and their 7 children Benjamin James aged 27 David James, 18 John James, 21 Ann John, 25 Charles Jones, 21, a joiner William Jones, 26 Thomas Matthias, 22 Mary Owen, 20 Robert Owen, 23 Henry Phillip, 25 James Phillip, 23 William Phillip, 21 David Pugh, 23 Philip Richards, 25 and his wife Mary Richards, 22 William Rickards, 21 ( I must have found him by accident!) Martha Thomas, 18 Peter Williams, 25 It seems possible that most of these people came from the same area. Perhaps Thomas Philipps advertised in one of the local papers. Does any lister know any more? [Gerry Lewis  D 22 Jan 2002] Follow up; There is an article "Tom's letters to his kinsfolk" in NLW Journal 1984..beginning page 357.......Charles Allen-Phillips and Thomas were partners in a failed Bank , and Thomas, probably to evade irate creditors, took his family off to South Africa. [Bettye Kirkwood D 22 Jan 2002]

Whaling There was a Whaling industry operating out of Milford Haven The Whalers were mainly Quakers who had come over from Nantucky in 1792. It is probable that about 50 came - but some had left Milford by 1806. In the little booklet by Stephen Griffiths -- A history of Quakers in Pembrokeshire there is mention of this. [Basil Hughes 6 Oct 2000] Some quotations from "Milford Haven: waterway & town" by Ken McKay & George Springer (Tempus, 1999 0-7524-1589-1) "The first American Quaker whalemen arrived in Milford in August1792.....The original settlement comprised about 100 people and 5 whaling ships." They were joined by a cousin, William Rotch who had set up in Dunkirk but was forced to move from France after the Revolution. "This provided a much-needed boost to the Milford whaling industry". "The whale ship Aurora carried the Starbuck & Folger families to Milford before setting off on a one-and-a-half year whaling trip to the southern oceans". [Mary 6 Oct 2000 D] I recently visited the excellent Milford Haven Museum on the harbour front. It is housed in what was the whale oil factory into which barrels of the oil were offloaded from the whalers to be stored and processed into lamp oil. It was not used for this purpose after about 1820 when Milford developed into an  important fishing port. Whaling is one of the many interesting subject covered by the exhibits which have been put together and is run by a very enthusiastic band of volunteers. With its audio visual displays it covers Milford's history and it's previous importance as the main port of the Haven. Very well worth a visit if you are holidaying in Pembrokeshire. [Joy  7 Oct 2000 D]

The Irish ferry service Question; > Does anyone know anything about the Irish Ferry service circa 1840's? Also known as the Milford Haven & Waterford shipping service, ran by a Mr. Jackson of Neyland and his partner a Mr. Ford of London? Answer; The only reference I can find is in a book called "The Railways of Pembrokeshire" by John Morris (SBN 901906204) "..... a mail packet service having been established by 1824.. Pembroke Dock, Milford and Dunmore... Meanwhile, Captain Thomas Jackson started a steamer service between Milford and Waterford, entering into partnership with Captain Robert Ford. "On completion of the South Wales Railway [SWR] to Neyland, Jackson and Ford would operate their service from that port in connection with boat trains from Paddington [the London terminus]. The first sailing in connection with the SWR was in August 1856." The book is mainly about the railways, but there is mention of the various steamers built for the route. A later mention is this: "...Ford and Jackson acquired their last steamer, the 793 ton Vulture....arrived on 12th July 1870. ...Ford and Jackson's fleet as it existed before the concern was taken over was thus a somewhat mixed bag. It seems likely that the problems of keeping the Waterford service going contributed greatly to the eventual decision of the Great Western [Railway] board [successors to the SWR] to take over the service themselves." and in a later chapter: "Ford & Jackson were therefore taken over on 1st February 1872, the purchase price being £36,500, for which the GWR got the Malakhoff, South of Ireland and Great Western. The Vulture was not purchased until April, when the GWR bought her for £9,000. Thus ended Captain Jackson's long career as owner of the cross-channel service, though by mutual agreement he remained at New Milford [Neyland] on a teporary basis as "Manager" .... until July 1873." [Gerry Lewis 20 Jun 2001 P]

Orielton Names in the History of Orielton The information on this listing was taken from Pemb Hist Vol 5 Owen of Orielton Compiled by Basil Hughes Surname forename/2nd Res.   Date  Main Residence  Info Wyrriott David (Sir) 1300 Orielton Wyrriot Richard 1314 Orielton Sheriff of Carmarthen Wyrriot Richard 1317 Orielton Sheriff of Carmarthen Wyrriot Richard (Sir) 1323 Orielton Wyrriot Richard/Manorbier 1384 Orielton  spouse:- Elen Huscard Huscard Elen 1384 Orielton spouse:- Richard Wyrriot Wyrriot Thomas 1459 OrieltonSheriff of Pembroke Wyrriot Thomas 1482 Orielton Wyrriot Henry 1526 Orielton     Lord of the moiety of Cosheston Wyrriot Henry 1530 Orielton  spouse:- Margaret ap Thomas ap Thomas\Wyrriot /Dynevor  Margaret 1530 Orielton  nat dau. of Sir Rhys ap Thomas spouse:- Henry Wyrriot Wyrriot Henry 1542-44 OrieltonCommissioner lay subsidies Pem & Tenby ap Hugh Owen 1545 Bodeon MP for Newborough-High Sheriff & JP 1563 spouse:- 1 Elizabeth 2 Isabel Wyrriot Henry 1549 & 59 Orielton High Sheriff Wyrriot Henry 1551 Orielton Escheator of Pembrokeshire Owen Hugh /Orielton  1571 marr Bodeon     second son of Owen ab Hugh of Bodeon   spouse:- Elizabeth Wyrriot Owen Hugh 1574 Orielton Recorder of Carmarthen spouse:- Elizabeth Wyrriot Wyrriot George 1587 Orielton JP (supporter of the Earl of Essex) Owen Morris 1588 dead Orielton son of Hugh Owen and Elizabeth Phillips John 1590c Picton Castle    dau.Jane mar. George Wyrriot      spouse:- Elizabeth Gruffydd Gruffydd Elizabeth /Picton Castle   1590c Penrhyn      spouse:- John Phillips Phillips Jane/Orielton 1590c Picton Castle     daughter of John Phillips,Picton Castle        spouse:- George Wyrriot Lloyd David/Pengwernoleu  1597-8 Forest Brechfa  son and heir of Griffith Lloyd   spouse:- Jane Owen -very unhappy Wyrriot George 1599 Orielton  co-lord of several manors   spouse:- Jane Philipps Wyrriot Elizabeth 1599c Orielton  dau & heiress of George Wyrriot   spouse:- Hugh Owen Surname forename/2nd Res.   Date  Main Residence  Info Wogan Morris 1603 Apr 21 Boulston   date of marriage spouse:- Francis Wogan Owen Hugh, Colonel 1610 born Bodeon   eldest son of William and Jane Owen Owen John 1612 Orielton  eldest son Hugh and Elizabeth spouse:- Dorothy Laugharne Owen / Barlow/Creswell & Lawrenny     Mary 1612 Orielton   dau of John and Dorothy    spouse:- Lewis Barlow Owen Anne/Stone Hall & Trecwn  1612 Oct 8 Orielton   dau of John and Dorothy    spouse:- 1 Wogan 2 Owen Owen John 1612 Oct 8 Orielton 2nd son John and Dorothy Owen Arthur /Newmoat  1612 Oct 8 Orielton  3rd son of John and Dorothy    spouse:- Mary Philipps (wdw) Phillips Mary /Newmoat 1612? Picton Castle  dau of Sir John Philipps Picton Castle   spouse:- 1Scourfield 2 Owen Phillips/Scourfield Mary /Newmoat   1612? Picton Castle   dau of Sir John Phillips   wdw of John Scourfield Scourfield John 1612? Newmoat   widow mar Arthur Owen       spouse:- Mary Philipps Owen Richard 1613 Orielton  son of Hugh & Lucy Owen? Owen Jane /Forest Brechfa 1613 Orielton   dau of Hugh Owen and Elizabeth   spouse:- David Lloyd Owen William /Bodeon 1613 Orielton   second son of Hugh and Elizabeth     spouse:- Jane Williams Williams Jane/Vaynol   1610c Orielton    daughter of William Williams of Vaynol    spouse:- William Owen Owen Ann /Presaddfed Anglesey   1613 Orielton   dau of Hugh and Elizabeth     spouse:- John Lewis Owen Percy 1613 Orielton   son of Hugh and Lucy? Owen Francis/Boulston   1613 Orielton   married 1603 Nov 10 dau.Hugh\Elizabeth    spouse:- Morris Wogan Owen Sibyl /Wiston 1613 Orielton   dau of Hugh Owen and Elizabeth    spouse:- William Wogan Wyrriot Hugh/Bodowen     1613-14 Feb 8 Orielton  died buried Monkton spouse:- 1 Elizabeth 2 Lucy? Laugharne John 1613c St Brides  son was Major General Rowland Laugharne    spouse:- Janet Owen Owen Janet/St Brides     1613c Orielton   dau of Hugh and Elizabeth    spouse:- John Laugharne Lewis John 1613c Presaddfed Anglesey    kinsman of his wife     spouse:- Ann Owen Owen Lucy 1613c Orielton   Widow of Sir James Wotton    spouse:- Hugh Owen Wogan William 1625 died Wiston     had 12 children died at Lawrenny     spouse:- Sibyl Owen Owen Hugh Sir 1629 Orielton   1629 1st wife died    spouse:- Frances Philipps Surname forename/2nd Res.   Date  Main Residence  Info Owen Elizabeth/Carnarvonshire   1629 Orielton   dau of Sir Hugh and Frances     spouse:- John Glynne Owen Dorothy 1629 Orielton    dau of Sir Hugh and Frances    unmarried alive 1670 Owen Mary /Moat   1629 Orielton    dau of Sir Hugh and Katherine   spouse:- William Scourfield Lewis \ Owen Katherine /Prescoed  1629(after)mar Orielton  widow of John Lewis of Prescoed   spouse:- Sir Hugh Owen Owen Hugh Sir 1629(after)mar Orielton  spouse:- 2 Katherine Lewis Philipps/Owen Francis/Orielton   1629 died Picton Castle dau of Sir John Philipps Picton Castle   spouse:- Sir Hugh Owen Owen William/Bodoen     1631 Orielton  spouse:- Jane Williams Owen Anne/Stone Hall     1631 marr. (1) Orielton   dau of John & Dorothy    spouse:- William Wogan Wogan William 1631m 1645 died Stone Hall St Lawrence parish    had a son and two daughters spouse:- Anne Owen Owen Arthur 1633 Orielton   called to the Bar Wogan Morris 1640 Apr 21 died Boulston   spouse:- Francis Owen Laugharne Rowland Mjr Gen. 1640s St Brides   son of John Laugharne and Janet Owen Barlow Lewis 1641 & 1668 Cresswell & Lawrenny    High Sheriff    spouse:- Mary Owen Owen Arthur 1643 Orielton   Mjr in Laugharne's Army afterwards Colonel Owen Arthur 1645-48 & 54-5 Orielton    M.P also from 1660 till his death Owen (2nd Baronet) Sir Hugh 1645? born Orielton    son of Sir Hugh and Katherine Owen Arthur 1647 baptised Richmond Surrey     son of Sir Hugh and Katherine Wogan nee Owen Anne (wdw) /Trecwn   1648 marr Orielton Stone Hall Owen nee Laugharne Dorothy/(St Brides) 1652-3 died 70yr Orielton  widow of John Owen who died in 1612    spouse:- John Owen Lewis/Owen Anne/Orielton   1655 Presaddfed    her mother married her father in law     spouse:- John Owen Lewis\Owen\Trevor Anne 1655 after Orielton   after death of John Owen married    spouse:- Colonel Trevor Owen John 1655 Dec 21died Orielton   eldest son of Sir Hugh and Frances 21yrs    spouse:- Anne Lewis Owen Wyrriot 1657 died pre Orielton   son of Sir Hugh and Frances Owen/Wogan Francis /Philbeach   1658-9 died Boulston dau. Hugh\Elizabeth -widow of Morris   spouse:- Morris Wogan Owen Henry 1659 Oct 21 Bodeon  second son of William and Jane Owen spouse:- Elizabeth Gwyn Surname forename/2nd Res.   Date  Main Residence  Info Owen Hugh, Colonel 1659 Oct 21 died Bodeon eldest son of William and Jane Owen Gwyn Elizabeth/Maesoglen   1659c  Bodoen   dau.& heiress of Hugh Gwyn of Maesoglen   spouse:- Henry Owen Owen (2nd Baronet) Sir Hugh 1660 & 1678-81 Orielton  MP - also from 1689-91 High Sheriff 64   spouse:- Anne Owen Owen John 1662 Newmoat    son of Arthur and Mary    spouse:- Dorothy Owen Scourfield William 1663 Moat    High Sheriff    spouse:- Mary Owen Owen Anne/Orielton 1664 Bodoen & Maesoglen    dau. heiress of Henry and Elizabeth Owen    spouse:- Hugh Owen Owen Henry (1) 1664 (after) Orielton    son of Anne and Sir Hugh - died young Owen Henry (2) 1664 (after) Orielton   son of Anne and Sir Hugh - died young Owen Dorothy 1664 after Orielton      dau of Anne and Sir Hugh - died young Owen John 1664 after Orielton       son of Anne and Sir Hugh - died young Owen William 1664 after Orielton    son of Anne and Sir Hugh - died young Owen (2nd Baronet) Sir Hugh/Orielton   1664 marr Landshipping   son of Sir Hugh and Katherine    spouse:- Anne Owen Owen Dorothy/Newmoat 1666 Trecwn     dau and heiress of Thomas Owen - Trecwn    spouse:- John Owen Owen John 1666 married Newmoat   wife dau and heiress of Thomas Owen     spouse:- Dorothy Owen Owen Arthur /Johnston Hall  1668 marr Orielton   son of Sir Hugh and Katherine     spouse:- Elizabeth Horsey Owen Sir Hugh 1670 died 66yrs Orielton     spouse:- Katherine Owen Owen Elizabeth /Park, Merioneth   1670c Orielton    dau of Anne and Sir Hugh    spouse:- 1 William L Annwyl Owen Katherine/Orielton    (widow) 1671 Landshipping   granted six farms by her son Sir Hugh    spouse:- Sir Hugh Owen Wogan Edward 1674 born Boulston  son of Lewis Wogan of Boulston    spouse:- Mary Owen Owen Arthur /Orielton   1678 died Newmoat   spouse:- Mary Philipps (wdw) Owen Arthur 1678-81,85-95 Pembroke   MP    spouse:- Mary Powell Owen John 1678-9 Newmoat   MP    spouse:- Dorothy Owen Barlow Lewis 1681 Aug 6 died Cresswell & Lawrenny   left issue   spouse:- Mary Owen Horsey/Owen Elizabeth 1681 died Johnson Hall    dau of Cpt John Horsey/Elizabeth     spouse:- Arthur Owen Powell/Owen Mary 1683 Aug 4 marr Pembroke and Tamworth    dau of Morgan Powell of Pembroke   spouse:- Arthur Owen Surname forename/2nd Res.   Date  Main Residence  Info Owen Arthur 1683 Jan 8 marr2 Kensington   spouse:- Mary Powell Owen/ Wogan Mary /Llanstinan   1686? Newmoat - Trecwn    dau & heiress John & Dorothy    spouse:- Hugh Wogan Owen John 1686? died Newmoat   dau and heiress Mary Owen    spouse:- Dorothy Owen Owen Charles 1686c born Orielton   son of Anne and Sir Hugh Owen     spouse:- Dorothy Corbett Owen/Annwyl Elizabeth 1689 pre Orielton   dau of Anne & Sir Hugh    spouse:- 2 Mr Brereton Owen/Scourfield Mary /Orielton   1693 Mar 19 diedMoat   dau of Sir Hugh and Katherine aged 50    spouse:- William Scourfield Scourfield William 1695 died Moat   had issue     spouse:- Mary Owen Owen (3rd Baronet) Sir Arthur 1695,1701-11,14 Orielton  MP-Mayor Pemb. 1704-6, 24,High Sheriff 07 spouse:- Emma Williams Owen (4th Baronet) Sir William 1697 born approx Orielton Owen Wyrriot 1697 Feb 1 Orielton    son of Anne and Hugh - admit Grays Inn Owen John 1698 born Orielton     younger brother of Sir William (4th Bar) spouse:- Anne Owen Owen Colonel John 1698 born approxOrielton Owen Arthur 1698 died Pembroke     no surviving issue spouse:- Mary Powell Owen (2nd Baronet) Sir Hugh 1698-9 died Orielton     spouse:- Katherine Annwyl Owen (3rd Baronet) Sir Arthur 1699 Orielton  inherited   spouse:- Emma Williams Annwyl\Owen Katherine 1699 died Orielton      spouse:- Sir Hugh Owen Owen (2nd Baronet) Sir Hugh 1699(pre)m2 Orielton     marr 2nd time - widow of Lewis Annywyl spouse:- Katherine Annywyl Owen Mary /Boulston 1700 marr Orielton     dau of Anne & Sir Hugh     spouse:- Edward Wogan Owen Catherine/Chester 1700c Orielton      dau of Anne and Sir Hugh     spouse:- John Williams Owen Wyrriot/Talbenny 1700c marr Robeston House   marr widow of Sackville Crow died 1700  spouse:- Dorothy Crow Owen Arthur/Chelsea 1701 born approx Orielton     son of Sir Arthur and Emma     spouse:- Martha Smale/Shewen Williams John 1702 Chester      Attorney General of Denbigh & Montgomery     spouse:- Catherine Owen Wogan Edward 1702 pre died Orielton   age approx 27       spouse:- Mary Owen Owen\Crow Dorothy/Roberston House 1704 died Johnston      wdw of Sackville Crow       spouse:- Wyrriot Owen Owen Wyrriot/Talbenny     1715 died Roberston House       son of Anne and Sir Hugh     spouse:- Dorothy Crow wdw Owen Charles died age 30 1716 Nash, Langum parish      had issue       spouse:- Dorothy Corbett Surname forename/2nd Res.   Date  Main Residence  Info Corbett\Owen Dorothy 1716 pre Nash, Langum parish  spouse:- Wyrriot Owen Colby Lawrence 1716  Feb 7 Bangeston nr Pembroke      appointed by Sir Arthur -cornet-militia Owen\Barlow Anne wdw 1718 after Lawrenny       spouse:- Thomas Cornwallis Barlow Hugh 1718 pre Lawrenny       son of John Barlow and Anne Owen       spouse:- 1 Anne Skyrme Owen Anne/Lawrenny   1718 pre Orielton      dau of Anne and Sir Hugh     spouse:- John Barlow Barlow John 1718 died Lawrenny         High Sheriff 1705 Anne was second wife.         spouse:- Anne Owen Barlow Anne /Nash,Langum parish 1718c Lawrenny       dau of John Barlow and Anne Owen               spouse:- Wyrriot Owen (cousin Barlow Dorothy/Pricaston     1718c Lawrenny      dau of John Barlow and Anne Owen        spouse:- John Lort. Barlow Hugh 1718c? Lawrenny         son of John Barlow and Anne Owen                   spouse:- 2 Elizabeth Owen Williams Anne 1720c Chester       dau and heiress of John and Catherine     spouse:- Sir William Owen Owen (4th Baronet) Sir William 1722 Orielton     MP served for 51 years     spouse:- Elizabeth Lloyd Owen Margaret 1724 Orielton         dau of Sir Arthur and Emma unmarried Owen Wyrriot 1724 pre Orielton         son of Sir Arthur and Emma died young Owen Anne 1724 pre died Orielton       dau of Sir Arthur and Emma died young Owen Dorothy 1724 pre died Orielton       dau of Sir Arthur and Emma died young Owen Hugh 1 1724 pre died Orielton         son of Sir Arthur and Emma died young Owen Catherine 1724 pre died Orielton           dau of Sir Arthur and Emma died young Owen Hugh 2 1724 pre died Orielton        son of Sir Arthur and Emma died young Williams/Owen Emma/Orielton  1724 Sep 17died Lanforda Denbighshire      only daughter of Sir William Williams    spouse:- Sir Arthur Owen Lloyd Thomas 1725 Grove      dau Elizabeth marr Sir William Owen     spouse:- Mary Gwyn Lloyd \Owen Elizabeth/Orielton     1725 Dec 12marr Grove  dau & coheiress Thomas Lloyd of Grove   spouse:- Sir William Owen Owen (4th Baronet) Sir William 1725 Dec 12 marrOrielton       spouse:- Elizabeth Lloyd Owen (5th Baronet) Sir Hugh/Orielton   1729 Chester   son of Anne and Sir William    spouse:- Anne Colby Owen Anne 1729 after Orielton   dau of Anne & Sir William died unmarried. Owen Arthur/Apsley Bedfordshire   1729 after Orielton   Lt Col 3rd Foot Guards spouse:- Anne Thursby Surname forename/2nd Res.   Date  Main Residence  Info Owen Elizabeth /Penrhos Anglesey   1731 marr 1 Orielton   dau of Sir Arthur and Emma    spouse:- William Owen Cornwallis Hon. Thomas 1732 died      spouse:- Anne Owen\Barlow Willaims \ Owen Anne/Orielton      1734 after marr Chester   dau of John Williams\Catherine Owen   spouse:- Sir William Owen Owen Elizabeth /Lawrenny   1736 marr 2 Orielton   dau of Sir Arthur & Emma wdw W. Owen    spouse:- Hugh Barlow Owen John (Colonel) 1736 Nov 5 marr Orielton   bro of Sir William (4th Baronet)    spouse:- Anne Owen Owen\Owen Anne/Ireland    1736 Nov 5 marr Nash    dau of Charles Owen and Dorothy Corbet    spouse:- John Owen (Col) Owen ( 7th Baronet) Arthur/Orielton     1740 Sep 29 Covent Garden  son of Col John Owen and Anne Owen unmarried Owen (4th Baronet) Sir William 1743 after marr2Orielton   she was his cousin    spouse:- Anne Williams Lloyd \Owen Elizabeth /Orielton   1743 approx died Grove  dau of Thomas Lloyd   spouse:- Sir William Owen Owen William 1746 Sep 30 born Rotterdam  son of Col John Owen and Anne Owen Owen Hugh Michael (Rev)/Aberffraw   1748 Sep 29 born Frith St Soho son of Col John Owen and Anne Owen    spouse:- 1 ? Lyon,2A.Griffith Owen Emma/Lawrenny 1749 Dec 30 Dublin   dau of Col John Owen and Anne Owen     spouse:- Hugh Owen\Barlow Owen Charles Lt 59th Foot 1750 c   son of Col John Owen and Anne Owen unmarried Owen\Lord Corbetta /Pembroke   1750-1 Feb 17 bn Dublin   dau of Col John Owen and Anne Owen     spouse:- Joseph Lord Owen\Owen Anne/Nash   1750-1 Feb 21 d Dublin   died after birth of dau Corbetta    spouse:- John Owen (Col) Owen John (Colonel) 1750-61 Ireland    became Lt Gov. bro Sir William (4th Bar)    spouse:- Anne Owen Owen Emma/Williamston      1751 Orielton    dau of Sir Arthur and Emma      spouse:- William Bowen Owen (3rd Baronet) Sir Arthur 1754 Jun 6 died Orielton      spouse:- Emma Williams Owen Arthur/Paddington      1757 born approx Chelsea    1801 son of Arthur and Martha- became parson unmarried Bowen William 1762 died Williamston   spouse:- Emma Owen Barlow Hugh 1763 died Lawrenny      spouse:- Elizabeth Owen Willaims\Owen Anne 1764 Dec 21 died Orielton       spouse:- Sir William Owen Owen Elizabeth/Dyffryn 1764 marr Orielton  dau of Anne & Sir William     spouse:- Thomas Price Owen (5th Baronet) Sir Hugh 1770-86 Orielton       MP also Colonel of Pemb. Militia      spouse:- Anne Colby Owen William (Brig Gen)/Marinique  1771 Jun 11 marr Dublin     son of Col John Owen and Anne   spouse:- Anne Tripp Surname forename/2nd Res.   Date  Main Residence  Info Thursby \Owen Anne /Apsley   1774 Jul 8 Abingdon  dau of John Harvey Thursby    spouse:- Arthur Owen Owen Arthur /Apsley Bedfordshire   1774 Jul 8 marr Orielton  son of Anne & Sir William    spouse:- Anne Thursby Owen\Lord Corbetta /Dublin   1774 marr Pembroke   dau of Col John and Anne Owen    spouse:- Joseph Lord Owen William/Lawrenny   1775 Apr 11born Port Mahon Minorca    son of William Owen (B.Gen)\Anne Tripp unmarried Colby\Owen Anne/Orielton     1775 Sep 16 marr Bletherston  dau of Grace and John Colby     spouse:- Sir Hugh Owen Owen (5th Baronet) Sir Hugh 1775 Sep 16 marr Orielton  son of Anne And Sir William     spouse:- Anne Colby Owen\Bowen Emma/Williamston 1777 approx died Orielton   dau of Sir Arthur and Emma -no issue    spouse:- William Bowen Lord \Owen John 1777 born Pembroke    son of Joseph Lord and Corbetta Owen     spouse:- 1Charlotte 2 Mary Owen\Price Elizabeth /Orielton   1777 Feb 20 died   Dyffryn       dau of Anne & Sir William     spouse:- Thomas Price Shewen\Smale\Owen Martha/Chelsea    1781 Swansea    dau of Mjr Shewen, wdw Alexander Smale    spouse:- Arthur Owen Owen (4th Baronet) Sir William 1781 May 7 died Orielton  age 84 spouse:- Anne Williams Owen (6th Baronet) Sir Hugh 1782 Sep 12 brn Orielton  only child of Sir Hugh and Anne Colby unmarried Owen (5th Baronet) Sir Hugh 1786 Jan 15 died Orielton  age 57 spouse:- Anne Colby Owen\Owen\Barlow Elizabeth 1788 Nov died Lawrenny  dau of Sir Arthur and Emma twice widowed   spouse:- Hugh Barlow Owen\Barlow Emma /Lawrenny, Dublin   1788 Oct died Bath  dau of Col John Owen and Anne Owen   spouse:- Hugh Owen\Barlow Owen\Barlow Hugh 1789 Lawrenny    son of Wyrriot Owen and Anne Barlow       spouse:- 1Emma, 2 Anne Owen Arthur 1790 died Apsley       son of Anne and Sir William   spouse:- Anne Thursby Owen William (Brig Gen) 1795 died Fort St George Martinique (yellow fever)       son of Col John Owen and Anne Owen spouse:- Anne Tripp Owen Hugh (Royal Navy) 1801 drowned Aberffraw      son of Rev Hugh M Owen and Anne unmarried Owen Arthur Rev 1805 died ? Paddington      son of Martha and Arthur Lord\Owen John /Orielton  1809 Pembroke      inherited the Orielton Estates-changed name   spouse:- 1 Charlotte 2 Mary Owen (6th Baronet) Sir Hugh 1809 Orielton   MP also was High Sheriff of Pemb 1804 unmarried Owen (7th Baronet) Sir Arthur /India   1809 Orielton  succeded to the title unmarried Owen (6th Baronet) Sir Hugh 1809 Aug 8 died Orielton  age 27 unmarried Owen\Barlow Hugh 1809 Jan 23 died Lawrenny  age 79 spouse:- 2 Anne Barlow Surname forename/2nd Res.   Date  Main Residence  Info Tripp\Owen Anne/Martinique   1809 Sep 20 died Huntspill and Taunton      dau of John Tripp, Huntspill and Taunton spouse:- William Owen (B.Gen) Griffiths\Owen Anne /Bangor   1810 c Aberffraw     dau of William Edwards of Bangor   spouse:- Rev Hugh M Owen Thursby\Owen\Hart Anne/Abingdon     1810 Jun died Bath\ Apsley remarried after Arthur Owen died     spouse:- Colonel Hart of Bath Owen Hugh Michael (Rev) 1810 Mar died Aberffrawson of Col John and Anne Owen   spouse:- 2 Anne Griffiths wdw Owen Sir John 1810-41 Orielton     MP spouse:- 1 Charlotte 2 Mary Owen Charles 1812 died Aberffraw   son of Rev Hugh M Owen and Anne unmarried Lord\Owen John 1813 Jan 12 Orielton   created Baronet spouse:- 1 Charlotte 2 Mary Owen ( 8th Baronet) William/Lawrenny     1817 Middle Temple   inherited title on death of his uncle unmarried Owen (7th Baronet) Sir Arthur /India   1817 Jan 4 died Orielton  had been Adjutant General in E.India unmarried Owen John /Aberffraw  Mjr 61st Foot 1820 died Jamaica  son of Rev Hugh M. Owen and Anne unmarried Colby\Owen Anne/Bath, London.   1823 Apr 11 died Orielton, Lawrenny     spouse:- Sir Hugh Owen Owen Elizabeth Anne/Aberffraw   1828 died Weston nr Bath   dau of Rev Hugh M Owen and Anne unmarried Owen Arthur /Aberffraw Mjr 1835 died Bengal    son of Rev Hugh M Owen and Anne unmarried Owen (8th Baronet) Sir William/Lawrenny     1844 Aug 5 Middle Temple  changed name to Owen Barlow unmarried Barlow Anne /Aldeburgh   1844 died Lawrenny  dau of Philip Champion de Crespigny MP spouse:- Hugh Owen Barlow Owen Barlow (8.Bar) William/Lawrenny     1851 Feb 25 died5 Fig Tree Court Temple London  last baronet of the 1641 creation unmarried Owen Sir John 1861 Feb 6 Taynton  Orielton estate had been sold 1857 to pay debts spouse:- 1 Charlotte 2 Mary [Basil Hughes] The Secret Diary of Orielton School Aged 121 1/2 Today I have loaned from the library in Pembroke "The Secret Diary of Orielton School Aged 121 1/2", it contains extracts from the school log 1873-1901, attendance, sicknesses, punishments etc. The teachers were ; HEADMASTERS John CRISP, Dec 1873-Oct 1877 Walter COOPER, Nov 1877-Nov 1882 Arthur STEPHENS, Nov 1882-Jun 1889 John HITCHINGS, Jun 1889-July 1898 Joseph MASON, Aug 1898-May 1918 OTHER TEACHERS Emily CRISP (Pupil teacher) -Dec 1873-Sep 1875 John ADAMS (Pupil teacher) - Jun 1874-Oct 1877 David MORRIS (pt) - Sep 1875-Oct 1879 Eliza COOPER (sewing) - 1877-Nov 1882 George WILLIAMS (pt) - Oct 1879-Dec 1885 Ellen STEPHENS (sewing) - Nov 1882-1889 Herbert MAJOR (pt) - Oct 1885-Feb 1890 E A WILLIAMS (pt) - 1889-Oct 1891 Mrs HITCHINGS (sewing) - 1889-1898 Oswald HITCHINGS ( Asst.) - Feb 1890-1895 Louis ANDREWS (pt) - Oct 1891-Mar 1893 Sarah JONES - Mar 1893-Apr 1894 Winnifred HITCHINGS (pt) - Apr 1894-July 1898 Louisa MORRIS (monitress) - 1st part 1896 Clara ROBLIN (pt) - Aug 1898-Dec 1898 William THACKER - Oct 1898-Dec 1898 Elinor MASON (sewing) - 1898-May 1909 & Aug 1918-May 1919 Miss BUNSELL (pt) - Jan 1899-July 1919 Miss WEBB (pt) - Jan 1900-July 1900 Miss M LAWRENCE (uncertified) - Aug 1900-Mar 1941 [Sandra  Davies   D  30 Nov 2001]

Angle For more information about Angle parish, see Genuki Bangeston [According to the  Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales] The 'mere shell of a mansion " seen by Fenton (Tour, 1810 p. 404} has practically vanished, and in its grounds immediately to the north-east now stands a coast-guard station. The site of what was once the fishpond is easily found.-Visited, 8th June 1922 The earliest record of the Benegers of Bangeston appears to be in 1172, when a branch of the family took part with Strongbow in the Irish Invasion. There is an Irish saying that anything very astounding 'beats Banagher.' Could that have arisen from any feats performed by the Benegers ? One Ralph Beneger of  Bangeston rebuilt Pwllcrochan Church in 1342. It contains two inscriptions recording his name, and an effigy of him in his canonical habit, as Rector. Griffith Dawes of Bangeston is the next owner of whom we hear, though how it became his does not appear, possibly by marriage with a Beneger heiress. He was the son of Henry Dawes, by Lettice, daughter of William Walters of Roch  (her brother's daughter, the famous Lucy Walters, went to France and there met Charles II., by whom she became the mother of the ill-fated Duke of Monmouth). Henry Dawes was the son of Griffith Dawes, whose widow Joan, daughter of Richard Fletcher, married Henry White of Henllan, near Pwllcrochan (now a ruin), who was Sheriff in 1592. Griffith was the son of Nicholas Dawes, by Katherine Butler of Johnston .Griffith Dawes of Bangeston was Sheriff in 1665. His only daughter and heiress, Ann, married Griffith White, son of Henry White of Henllan, who was Sheriff in 1658. The  Whites were a very old Tenby family, and acquired Henllan through Jestina Eynon, daughter and heiress of John Eynon of Henllan, who married John White. One Griffith White of Henllan, three times Sheriff, was buried in Rhoscrowther Church in 1589. Henry, or Harry Dawes, father of Griffith Dawes of Bangeston, appears, according to Lewis Dwnn, to have lived at Castlemartin. This fits in with the theory that Bangeston came into the family by Griffith's marriage; but it is also possible that Henry lived at Castlemartin during his father's lifetime, if his father was at Bangeston. On June I6, 1686, Griffith Dawes of Bangeston, or, as it is put, ' of Banaston in the Parishe of Nangle, Esqre.,' Thomas Lort, of Eastmoor, Manorbier, and Francis Dawes of Pembroke, gent., with Devereux Hammond, James Lloyd and Francis Smith of ' Tenbie,' gents., as representatives of Alice Bowen of Gloucester spinster bought from Thomas Williams of St. Florence, for £290 10s., the land of Carswell (at St. Florence), then occupied by Richard Rowe, ' for the relief of the poor and aged of Tenbie.' The farm, to this day, belongs half to the Trustees of the Tenby Charities, and half to the Rector and Church-wardens of St. Mary's, Tenby . Griffith Dawes of Bangeston, as before stated, had an only daughter, Ann, who married Griffith, son of Henry White of Henllan. Griffith died before his father, leaving an only child, Elizabeth, who thus inherited Bangeston from her grandfather. Griffith Dawes of Bangeston died January 16, 1692, aged seventy, his monument, with a small marble coat of arms bearing the three ' Daws was one of three monuments which were rescued from destruction when the south transept of Angle Church became ruinous, and was pulled down They were replaced a few years ago, pieced together as far as broken fragments would allow, in the north transept. One of the other two is a plain grey marble tablet to Mrs. Elizabeth Pritchard, sister of Mrs. Alice Dawes (probably Griffith's wife), who died January 17, 1725, aged eighty-six; the other, a hand-some marble monument surmounted by a coat of arms, to Brigadier-General  Thomas Ferrers, the third husband of Elizabeth White, grand-daughter of Griffith Dawes of Bangeston, who died October 26, 1722. Elizabeth White married four times. First, Thomas Lort, son of Sampson Lort of Eastmoor, Manorbier (Sampson Lort, John Lort of Prickeston, and Sir Roger Lort of Stackpole were brothers; sons of Henry Lort of Stackpole, Sheriff in 1619). Grandfather Dawes is said to have disapproved of the match, and to have hurried across the fields from Bangeston to Angle Church to stop the wedding; but Thomas (a sailor) and the wily Elizabeth had got a chaplain with a special licence at the boat-house at the foot of Bangeston Hill, and so outwitted the irate old gentleman, crossing the Haven afterwards in a boat. EIizabeth's second husband was Richard, Viscount Bulkeley; then came Brigadier-General Thomas Ferrers, to whom she erected the marble monument already mentioned, on which she describes him as her ' truely mourned and dearly beloved husband,' Lastly, she married John Hook, who was Sheriff in 1755, and who survived her. She left no children by any of her husbands, and John Hook therefore bequeathed Bangeston to his godson and namesake, John Hook Campbell, Lyon King at Arms; he was a grandson of Sir Alexander, who married Miss Lort of Stackpole, brother of Sir Plyse Campbell, and uncle of John, first. Baron Cawdor; he died in 1795. His son Matthew married. Ellstacia, daughter of Francis Basset, of Heanton Court Devon, and had a son, also Matthew (who married Anne, daughter of William Adams of Holyland, and died without issue), and three daughters, co-heiresses; of whom Eustacia married her cousin Sir George Campbell, G.C.B., brother of John, First Baron Cawdor; he died in 1821, leaving no issue. Matthew Campbell appears to have got into money difficulties which obliged him to sell Bangeston; the valuable lead roof was stripped off, and everything removed that could be turned into money, and the bare walls soon assumed the look of ruin and decay. This must have happened after 1789, as Richard Gough, in an Addendum to Camden, mentions Bangeston as then occupied, and Fenton in 1811 laments its ruined state and recalls its remembered hospitality, therefore the dismantling must have occurred some time between these two dates. Fenton also mentions its 'Norman founder'; if this is correct he must have founded an older house than the ruin we now see, whose long, unfortified facade, large oblong windows and general sumptuous style point to much later and less troubled times, when the fear of the enemy was not constantly before men's eyes. The walled enclosure immediately in front of the house, now overgrown with trees, and a carpet of daffodils in spring, called the Bowling Green. There is a large kitchen garden with magnificently high walls, an artificial pond in the wood adjoining, and traces of an old water-mill; also an avenue of beeches, leading away to the westward, still recalls the glories of the old house . Matthew Campbell was a great friend of Fenton's, and entertained him at his house in Pembroke on his Tour in 1811. Bangeston, with Hall, Angle, and the bulk of the Angle property, was bought in 1805 by John Mirehouse, Esq., as already stated, from Lord Cawdor, and remains in his family to the present day. Bangeston being a ruin, Hall became the dwelling-house, but at the time of purchase the family resided (as Lord Cawdor's tenants) at Brownslade, and did not take up their residence at Hall until 1864. [Basil Hughes] According to "On the State of Education in Wales" 1847 PARISH OF ANGLE.-on the 26th of December I visited the above parish, which is  served by the same clergyman as Warren. He resides at Angle. There is a small school in the village kept by a person who is also a baker and keeps one or two cows. The school had been broken up for the Christmas holidays, and would not be open for the next three weeks. The master receives annually from the sinecure Rector, the Reverend W. North, Professor of Latin Literature at St. David's College, Lampeter, £5. for educating eight poor children of the Parish; and an additional £5. from Mrs. Mirehouse, the lady of the principal resident proprietor of the parish for educating 10 others. The inhabitants of the village are chiefly fishermen. The labourers who live in the parish are very poor. Wages are 8d. per day with food, or ls. on their own finding. Mr. Dalton informed me that there had not to his knowledge been any wrecking for the last four or five years. Wrecking was not confined to the labouring class, but extended also to the farmers, who would not scruple to take possession of any articles which might be thrown ashore. The school-room was open-roofed, rendered, and in good repair. It was part of a dwelling-house. The schoolmaster's mother lived in the other part. The proprietor of the parish is paid £3. lOs. per annum for the house. There was a garden belonging to it.( In 1935 Angle -- a report of county school inspections singled this school out as being the worst in the county as far as vulnerability to disease and epidemic because of primitive hygiene facilities.) The Loch Sheil wreck 1894 January. Loch Sheil a ship with a cargo of whisky went down of Thorn Island much was alleged to have been smuggled ashore by Angle residents According to Mason writing in 1905 "On the night of the 30th January, 1894, a large merchant ship named the "Loch Shiel," laden chiefly with cases of Scotch whisky for Australia, on making the Haven for shelter, ran aground on the rocks at the back of Thorn Island, practically the northern boundary of West Angle Bay. On this occasion Mr. Mirehouse, of Angle, and the crew of the lifeboat, did some brave work in rescuing the crew of the unfortunate ship, which ultimately became a total wreck. The cargo and wreckage floated about the harbour for weeks after, the Salvage of which did not all find its way to the Receiver of Wrecks." Perhaps the following sidelights will demonstrate:- Some Cottages not very far from the scene underwent rapid internal alterations smooth walls freshly papered where cup-boards appeared before. On an occasion of a villager's marriage at Dale, which took place shortly after the wreck, a yacht laden with a visiting party from Pembroke Dock, fired a salute from two cannon on board, Which, by the way, disturbed all the crows in the surrounding woods, not a few which, if not very musical, added fresh interest to the event of the happy couple and procession returning from the church . The visitors from the yacht were duly invited to partake of supper on shore, and on sitting down to a well-provided table, each yachtsman faced a bottle of whisky, manufactured on the premises, no doubt. However, it tasted Scotch; and contributed to the making of much joy during the evening, finally rendering beds and blankets superfluous articles to the yachting guests that night. [Basil Hughes]

Mariners from Pembrokeshire on the Cardiff 1871 census

This list is not complete in any sense . It is a list of mariners or those in maritime trades showing Pembrokeshire roots  that has been extracted from an index being compiled by Phil Roderick for the Cardiff 1871 census which is being transcribed by Jennie Newman and Lynn John. At this date [Oct 2001] only some 5000 of the c 50,000 entries for Cardiff have been  so transcribed.

• EVANS WILLIAM HD M 29 FIREMAN IN STEAMER HAVERFORDWEST PEMBROKESHIRE
• DAVIS WILLIAM HU M 49 MARINER PEMBROKESHIRE
• BRADLEY BENJAMIN SO U 14 MARINER PEMBROKESHIRE
• PHILLIPS DAVID VR M 30 MARINER PEMBROKESHIRE
• LEWIS DAVID LG M 36 MARINER PEMBROKESHIRE
• EVANS THOMAS SO M 29 MARINER ST. DOGMAELS PEMBROKESHIRE
• JAMES WILLIAM BO U 54 MARINER ST. DAVID'S PEMBROKESHIRE
• BOWEN JOHN HD M 30 MARINER PEMBROKESHIRE
• JONES THOMAS HD M 44 MARINER MILFORD PEMBROKESHIRE
• PHILPIN BENJAMIN HD M 50 MARINER MILFORD PEMBROKESHIRE
• JONES DANIEL HD M 33 MARINER FISHGUARD PEMBROKESHIRE
• MORTIMER DAVID HD M 58 MARINER PEMBROKESHIRE
• DAVIES THOMAS LG M 29 MARINER PEMBROKESHIRE
• LEWIS GEORGE LG U 25 MARINER PEMBROKESHIRE
• SYMMONDS JOHN BO U 26 MARINER PEMBROKESHIRE
• MORGAN DAVID HD M 33 MARINER NEWQUAY PEMBROKESHIRE
• CUNNINGHAM GEORGE LG U 48 MARINER MILFORD PEMBROKESHIRE
• YOUNG DAVID HD M 49 PILOT NEWPORT PEMBROKESHIRE
• GRIFFITHS SAMUEL HD M 52 PILOT PEMBROKESHIRE
• THOMAS THOMAS HD M 48 PILOT PEMBROKESHIRE
• EVANS WILLIAM LG M 45 PILOT PEMBROKESHIRE
• SAMUEL DAVID HD M 51 PILOT PEMBROKESHIRE
• MORGAN BENJAMIN HD M 49 PILOT NEWPORT PEMBROKESHIRE
• DAVIES JOHN HD M 62 PILOT ST. DOGMAELS PEMBROKESHIRE
• EDWARDS JOHN HD M 82 RETIRED SEAMAN ST. DOGMAELS PEMBROKESHIRE
• JAMES EDWARD HD M 42 SAIL MAKER MILFORD PEMBROKESHIRE
• JAMES ARTHUR SO U 19 SAIL MAKER MILFORD PEMBROKESHIRE
• FOSTER(?) BENJAMIN LG M 42 SAILOR MILFORD PEMBROKESHIRE
• BEAVEN ALEXANDER HD M 28 SAILOR ST.DOGMAELS PEMBROKESHIRE
• THOMAS DANIEL LG U 42 SEAMAN NEWPORT PEMBROKESHIRE
• DAVIS HENRY BO U 44 SEAMAN ST. DAVIDS PEMBROKESHIRE
• MORRIS JOHN HD M 49 SEAMAN CHIEF OFFICER ST. DOGMAELS PEMBROKESHIRE
• ROWLAND JOHN HD M 51 SHIP BROKER NEWPORT PEMBROKESHIRE
• DAVIS GEORGE HD M 53 SHIP BUILDER EMP.60 M&B PEMBROKESHIRE
• PLAIN THOMAS W.H. HD M 44 SHIP BUILDER EMP.60 M&B PEMBROKESHIRE
• BECK(?) MATTHEW LG U 26 SHIP CARPENTER PEMBROKESHIRE
• DAVIS JOHN HD M 66 SHIP CARPENTER NEWPORT PEMBROKESHIRE
• DAVIS WILLIAM SO M 34 SHIP CARPENTER NEWPORT PEMBROKESHIRE
• BLAKE JOSHUA HD M 20 SHIP CARPENTER PEMBROKE DOCK PEMBROKESHIRE
• CHOWN(?) WILLIAM LG U 20 SHIP CARPENTER PEMBROKESHIRE
• ALLEN GEORGE LG M 27 SHIP CARPENTER PEMBROKESHIRE
• POWELL JAMES BO U 23 SHIP CARPENTER PEMBROKESHIRE
• PHILLIPS JOHN HD M 40 SHIP RIGGER PEMBROKESHIRE
• VAUGHAN GEORGE BO U 21 SHIP SMITH PEMBROKE PEMBROKESHIRE
• DAVIS JOSHUA HD M 45 SHIP WRIGHT PEMBROKESHIRE
• EDWARDS JOHN HD M 32 SHIP WRIGHT PEMBROKESHIRE
• JENKINS REUBEN LG M 23 SHIP'S CARPENTER PEMBROKESHIRE
• EVANS BENJAMIN HD M 42 SHIP'S CARPENTER PEMBROKESHIRE
• GREEN GEORGE HD M 40 SHIPWRIGHT PEMBROKESHIRE
• GREEN THOMAS SO U 21 SHIPWRIGHT PEMBROKESHIRE
• MORRIS DANIEL LG M 48 SHIPWRIGHT PEMBROKESHIRE
• SMITH JAMES HD M 27 SHIPWRIGHT PEMBROKESHIRE
• CHAPPEL HENRY HD M 39 SHIPWRIGHT PEMBROKE DOCK PEMBROKESHIRE
• COLE JAMES HD M 39 SHIPWRIGHT MILFORD PEMBROKESHIRE
• EDWARDS THOMAS BR U 27 SHIPWRIGHT PEMBROKESHIRE

[Phil Roderick  24 Oct 2001]

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